Oxidative‐Species‐Selective Materials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

Abstract

With the increasing recognition of the diverse roles and significance of oxidative species in the pathogenesis of many diseases, a tremendous amount of work on the development of oxidative‐species‐responsive materials has been conducted for 1) detecting oxygen metabolites or diagnosis of oxidative‐stress‐relevant diseases, 2) reducing oxidative stress in the disease sites, and/or 3) delivering therapeutic and diagnostic agents. In this review, we first discuss the distinct features and biological functions of each oxidative species. Then the selectivity and sensitivity of chemical linkers/groups to specific oxidative species and the underlying chemistry of their particular interactions are systematically elucidated. Their potential biomedical applications are also highlighted. We expect that this comprehensive review will provide more insights for the design and development of oxidative‐species‐selective materials for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Dual Ratiometric SERS and Photoacoustic Core–Satellite Nanoprobe for Quantitatively Visualizing Hydrogen Peroxide in Inflammation and Cancer

“…Thec ontinuous production, transformation, and consumption of reactive oxygen species (ROS)i nb iological organisms are critical for processes such as cell growth and differentiation, immune response,a nd aging. [1] Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )isone of the critical ROS molecules that has been implicated in the development of several diseases. [2] The unbalanced levels of H 2 O 2 in vivo disrupts the internal antioxidant capacity,d estroys proteins,a nd cause tissue damage leading to av ariety of diseases,i ncluding cancer, ischemia/reperfusion, inflammation, etc.…”

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“…These oxidants induce damage to lipids, proteins, and DNAs, leading to cellular dysfunction and inflammation. [ 59 ]…”

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“…[6,7] At normal DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101316 levels, ROS plays a key role in many physiological processes, including cell signaling transduction and maintaining homeostasis in vivo. [8] However, excessive levels of ROS in cells will induce oxidative stress and cause cell damage; this is considered to be one of the most important processes underlying neurodegenerative diseases such as PD. [9][10][11] Therefore, the scavenging of excess ROS and the subsequent repair of damaged cells [12,13] may provide us with new perspectives for the treatment of PD.…”