Oxidative Status and Lipid Profile among Dogs at Different Stages of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract

ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada Visseral Leishmaniasis'in (VL) farklı evrelerindeki köpeklerde oksidatif durum ve lipid profilinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmada VL'li 32, klinik, hematolojik ve biyokimyasal bulgulara göre sağlıklı 14 olmak üzere toplam 46 köpek kullanılmıştır. VL'li köpekler Leishvet grubunun sınıflamasına göre evre I (n=9), evre II (n=11), evre III (n=6), evre IV (n=6) olarak dört gruba ayrılmış ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu (n=14) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Hayvanlarda serum lipid profili değerlendirmesi adına yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL), kolesterol ve trigliserit, oksidatif durum analizi için ise toplam antioksidan kapasite (TAK), toplam oksidan seviye (TOS), paraoksonaz-1 (PON-1) değerleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular: VL'li köpeklerde, hastalığın tüm evrelerinde, sağlıklı gruptaki köpeklere kıyasla TOS değeri ve LDL konsantrasyonunda artış, PON-1 aktivitesi ve HDL konsantrasyonunda ise azalma belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Gruplar arasında TAK değeri, kolesterol ve trigliserit konsantrasyonu açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: VL'li köpeklerde oksidatif stres ve lipid profilinde bazı değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. Hastalığın farklı evrelerindeki köpekler arasında ise önemli bir farklılık saptanamamıştır. VL'nin tüm evrelerindeki köpeklerde TOS değeri, PON-1 aktivitesi, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonlarında belirlenen değişikliklerin hastalığın tanısında ve tedavinin planlamasında dikkate alınması gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır. (n=6), and stage IV (n=6); these dogs were compared to healthy control dogs (n=14). The lipid profile [high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and triglyceride levels) and oxidative status [total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity] were evaluated.Results: Compared to the control dogs, significant increases in the TOS and the LDL level and decreases in PON-1 activity and the HDL level were determined among the dogs at all stages of VL (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the TAC and the cholesterol and triglyceride levels among the groups. Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress and alterations in lipid profile were observed among dogs with VL. However, no significant differences were detected between dogs at different stages of the disease. Therefore, changes in the TOS, PON-1 activity, and HDL and LDL levels in dogs at all stages of VL should be considered in the diagnosis of the disease and planning of the treatment.

Expression of Serum Exosomal miRNA 122 and Lipoprotein Levels in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum: A Preliminary Study

“…Although in the present study, a significant modification of the level of serum cholesterol was not present, a significant alteration of serum LDL and HDL levels were seen in the CL group, in agreement with previous studies [10][11][12]21]. Such alterations may suggest a lipid perturbation associated with Leishmania infection.…”

“…As in people, Ghosh et al [9] showed that an inverse association between blood levels of cholesterol and susceptibility to Leishmania donovani infection was present in mice. Contrarily, in leishmaniotic dogs, while hyper/normal cholesterolemia has been detected, high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) have been reported [10][11][12].…”

Comparison of the systemic phospholipid profile in dogs diagnosed with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease or food-responsive diarrhea before and after treatment

“…Likewise, dyslipidemia has been detected in patients diagnosed with IBD [35–37]. Similar to the findings in humans, altered lipid profiles have been recognized in dogs diagnosed with idiopathic hyperlipidemia [38,39], diabetes mellitus [40], parvoviral infection [41], cancer [42], renal disease [43,44], or systemic infections [45]. Besides possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of those diseases, several studies have demonstrated lipids, in particular polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), to also have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and potentially other beneficial effects both in human [46–48] and in veterinary patients [49,50].…”

Spectrophotometric assays for evaluation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in serum: general concepts and applications in dogs and humans

“…This table shows that TOS values could differ depending on the surgical procedure [ 67 – 69 ] and that they decreased after anaesthesia [ 68 , 70 ]. TOS-dianisidine was increased in dogs with sarcoptic mange, canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, leishmaniosis and anaemia compared to healthy dogs [ 71 – 74 ]. However, no difference in this assay was observed between different clinical leishmaniosis presentations and before and after treatment against canine leishmaniosis [ 74 , 75 ], and pneumoperitoneum and hyperbaric oxygen therapy did not produce significant changes [ 76 , 77 ].…”

“…However, no difference in this assay was observed between different clinical leishmaniosis presentations and before and after treatment against canine leishmaniosis [ 74 , 75 ], and pneumoperitoneum and hyperbaric oxygen therapy did not produce significant changes [ 76 , 77 ].…”