Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Albano, Emanuele

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15539-5_10

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…During the oxidation reaction, an increase in the ratio of NADH/NAD + can produce a highly reducing environment, which reduces the fatty acid β‐oxidation reaction, increases the ratio of glycerol 3‐phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and further leads to accumulation of lipid in the liver. The disordered mitochondrial β‐oxidation of fatty acids represents an abnormal pathway in lipid metabolism in the liver(Albano, 2015). In the current study, the administration of ethanol for 16 weeks resulted in increased levels triglyceride and cholesterol, and increased ratio of glycerol 3‐phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which is consistent with previous reports (Eaton et al, 1997; Levitt et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentiopicroside prevents alcoholic liver damage by improving mitochondrial dysfunction in the rat model

Yang

Wang

Song

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma is a medical plant that is widely cultivated in China, North Korea, Japan, and Russia, and gentiopicroside is one of its major active compounds. In this study, the hepatoprotective activity of gentiopicroside on rats with alcoholic liver damage (ALD) was evaluated using the transaminase and blood lipid levels and antioxidant capacity. The potential mechanism of hepatoprotective effect of gentiopicroside was evaluated by mitochondrial function detection, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) metabolomic analysis, and anti‐apoptosis analysis. Results showed that the gentiopicroside exhibited good hepatoprotective activity on rats with ALD by decreasing the transaminase levels, regulating the blood lipid levels, and increasing the antioxidant capacity. The potential mechanisms were related to regulating mitochondrial dysfunction by recovering mitochondrial membrane potential level, adenosine triphosphate concentration, activities of key enzymes in tricarboxylic acid cycle, and activities of complex I‐V, regulating micromolecular metabolism and anti‐apoptosis. These findings supported the further exploration of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma as effective phytotherapy to prevent and treat ALD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentiopicroside prevents alcoholic liver damage by improving mitochondrial dysfunction in the rat model

Yang

Wang

Song

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Therefore, previous researchers paid much attention to ALD due to the molecular mechanism of ALD not completely clear [ 37 ]. ALD covers a wide spectrum of histological features, ranging from lipid accumulation in liver cells (fatty liver or steatosis) with minimal parenchymal damage to more severe liver injury, including steatohepatitis fibrosis/cirrhosis [ 38 ]. It was widely accepted that ALD pathogens are related to lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Polydatin On Liver Diseases Via Regulating Oxidat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatic steatosis model was established in zebrafish induced by ethanol larvae, and it is found that PD treatment could improve ethanol metabolism by decreasing the gene expressions of CYP2Y3 and CYP3A [ 42 ]. Furthermore, the capacity of alcohol could stimulate the production of free radicals, which impaired liver antioxidant defense capability and greatly promoted the oxidative stress damage of ALD [ 38 ]. PD could improve the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) [ 41 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Polydatin On Liver Diseases Via Regulating Oxidat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydatin: A Critical Promising Natural Agent for Liver Protection via Antioxidative Stress

Tang

Zhang

Duan

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Polydatin, one of the natural active small molecules, was commonly applied in protecting and treating liver disorders in preclinical studies. Oxidative stress plays vital roles in liver injury caused by various factors, such as alcohol, viral infections, dietary components, drugs, and other chemical reagents. It is reported that oxidative stress might be one of the main reasons in the progressive development of alcohol liver diseases (ALDs), nonalcoholic liver diseases (NAFLDs), liver injury, fibrosis, hepatic failure (HF), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this paper, we comprehensively summarized the pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms of polydatin for protecting and treating liver disorders via regulation of oxidative stress. According to the previous studies, polydatin is a versatile natural compound and exerts significantly protective and curative effects on oxidative stress-associated liver diseases via various molecular mechanisms, including amelioration of liver function and insulin resistance, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, lipid accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy, regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as well as increase of antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)). In addition, polydatin acts as a free radical scavenger against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by its phenolic and ethylenic bond structure. However, further clinical investigations are still needed to explore the comprehensive molecular mechanisms and confirm the clinical treatment effect of polydatin in liver diseases related to regulation of oxidative stress.

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The effect of silymarin on liver enzymes in patients taking isotretinoin: A randomized clinical trial

Mirnezami

Jafarimanesh

Rezagholizamenjany

et al. 2020

Dermatologic Therapy

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of silymarin (Livergol) on liver enzymes in patients taking isotretinoin (Roaccutane). In this double‐blind clinical trial, 74 patients with acne and taking isotretinoin were randomly assigned into intervention (N = 37) and control (N = 37) groups. The intervention group received a 140 mg Livergol capsule per day for 30 days. The control group received a starch‐containing capsule as a placebo once a day for 30 days. Liver enzyme levels were measured before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using chi‐square test, Independent t test, paired sample t test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups at the beginning of study in levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p > .05). At the end of the study, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in levels of AST and ALT (p < .05). Livergol prevented liver enzymes from increasing, so it can be used as an effective, low‐cost, and low‐complication treatment for the problem of increased levels of liver enzymes following the use of isotretinoin.

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Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 152 publications

Gentiopicroside prevents alcoholic liver damage by improving mitochondrial dysfunction in the rat model

Gentiopicroside prevents alcoholic liver damage by improving mitochondrial dysfunction in the rat model

Polydatin: A Critical Promising Natural Agent for Liver Protection via Antioxidative Stress

The effect of silymarin on liver enzymes in patients taking isotretinoin: A randomized clinical trial

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