Oxidative stress indices in Nigerian pesticide applicators and farmers occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides

Surajudeen, Yaqub A; Sheu, Rahamon K; Kosoko, Ayokulehin Muse; Olatunbosun, A

doi:10.4103/2229-516x.140730

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…This is similar to what Aly et al [32], Surajudeen et al [33] reported when mice and farmers were exposed to pesticides respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Significant reduction in SOD, CAT and GPx activity might be an indication of accumulation of H 2 O 2 that required to mump up these reactive species. Our observation possibly depicts increased formation of free radicals that could lead to oxidative damage [33,35] as a result of overwhelming antioxidant activities of all these enzymes. In other way round, GSH and TAS were significantly decreasing from 7 days through 41 days among exposed groups in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Atherogenic Indices in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

Atere¹,

Osadolor²

2017

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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Indiscriminate use of pesticides appears to increase the production of free radicals in organisms such as humans and other animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pyrethroid insecticides on oxidative stress biomarkers and atherogenic indices in exposed adult Wistar rats. A total number of apparently healthy 60 Wistar rats were randomly selected for this study and divided into two groups. Thirty six (36) were exposed to 1.2 % w/v pyrethroid insecticides while the remaining twenty four (24) were grouped as non-exposed. The animals in each group were anesthetized and blood sample was collected from the inferior vena cava after days of exposure. Plasma levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), Nitric Oxide (NO) and lipids profiles were determined using standard spectrophotometric techniques. Plasma activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were determined using standard spectrophotometric techniques. Statistical analysis of data was obtained and P<0.05 was considered significant. The mean TChol and HDL were significantly higher in 7days than 41days exposure, while plasma mean TChol and HDL were significantly lower in 41days than 21days exposure. The plasma mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH and TAS were significantly decreasing while plasma mean levels of MDA, H 2 O 2 and NO were significantly increasing from 7 days through 41 days exposure in exposed groups irrespective of the gender. In conclusion, this study observed that there is oxidative stress in Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroids based insecticides and lowered antioxidant defenses also observed in the studied population. Also, there was increased in weight differences with possibility of becoming obese. Thus, antioxidant supplements are advised as a prophylactic supportive therapy for adequate measures in preventing development of oxidative stress-associated complications among exposed individuals.

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“…This is similar to what Aly et al [32], Surajudeen et al [33] reported when mice and farmers were exposed to pesticides respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Atherogenic Indices in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

Atere¹,

Osadolor²

2017

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to Milatovic, Gupta, and Aschner (2006) the agricultural pesticides promote the oxidative phosphorylation inhibition in the central nervous system, debilitating the cells capacity to keep their energy levels, what possibly increases the quantity of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in the organism, characterizing the oxidative stress condition. This mechanism has also been pointed as relevant to justify the adverse effects in the farmers' health who were exposed to the agricultural pesticides (Surajudeen et al, 2014). Despite of this, the biological AChE role present in the erythrocyte membrane is not well explained, and it is known that this enzyme is present in the red blood cells and it has several similar proprieties like in the purified shape obtained from the brain tissue (Sorensen, Gentinetta, & Brodbeck, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Cymbopogon citratus Infusion on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme and on the Redox Profile in Farmers’ Erythrocytes

Mori¹,

Horn²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Agrochemicals were more prominent in 1960, marked due to the agricultural modernization process. As a result of this widespread use for food production, there was also an increase in cases of intoxication caused by these agents which made it necessary to search for alternative therapies for agricultural workers. Thus, considering that phytochemical characterization revealed the presence of antioxidants in Cymbopogon citratus extract, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of this plant infusion on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) and on the redox response in farmers' erythrocytes. These erytrocytes were processed and subjected to treatment with the Cymbopogon citratus infusion (5, 10, 25 and 50 g/L). In these samples the following were determined: the AChE enzyme activity, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (CPs) and reduced glutathione (GSH). In general, it was discovered that the inhibition of AChE activity is negative regarding to the increase of protein carbonyl levels and positive regarding the GSH levels. In addition, Cymbopogon citratus infusions could not even reverse this inhibition or the high levels of TBARS and CPs. On the other hand, levels of GSH were increased by infusions demonstrating the increased antioxidant activity in rural workers' erythrocytes.

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“…Organophosphate pesticides irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase to induce excessive cholinergic stimulation (2, 3). The potential off-target health consequences of organophosphate pesticide exposure for humans include neonatal developmental abnormalities (4, 5), endocrine disruption (6), neurodegeneration, cancer (7,8), metabolic disruption (9), heart disease (10), chronic kidney disease, and other less common pathologies. In addition, organophosphate pesticides are reported to have negative impacts on honeybee colonies, which are critical pollinators for numerous agricultural products (11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Reduces Organophosphate Pesticide Absorption and Toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster

Trinder

McDowell

Daisley

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Organophosphate pesticides used in agriculture can pose health risks to humans and wildlife. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus, a genus of commensal bacteria, would reduce absorption and toxicity of consumed organophosphate pesticides (parathion and chlorpyrifos [CP]). Several Lactobacillus species were screened for toleration of 100 ppm of CP or parathion in MRS broth based on 24-h growth curves. Certain Lactobacillus strains were unable to reach stationary-phase culture maxima and displayed an abnormal culture morphology in response to pesticide. Further characterization of commonly used, pesticide-tolerant and pesticide-susceptible, probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) and L. rhamnosus strain GR-1 (LGR-1), respectively, revealed that both strains could significantly sequester organophosphate pesticides from solution after 24-h coincubations. This effect was independent of metabolic activity, as L. rhamnosus GG did not hydrolyze CP and no difference in organophosphate sequestration was observed between live and heat-killed strains. Furthermore, LGR-1 and LGG reduced the absorption of 100 M parathion or CP in a Caco-2 Transwell model of the small intestine epithelium. To determine the effect of sequestration on acute toxicity, newly eclosed Drosophila melanogaster flies were exposed to food containing 10 M CP with or without supplementation with live LGG. Supplementation with LGG simultaneously, but not with administration of CP 3 days prior (prophylactically), mitigated CP-induced mortality. In summary, the results suggest that L. rhamnosus may be useful for reducing toxic organophosphate pesticide exposure via passive binding. These findings could be transferable to clinical and livestock applications due to affordability and practical ability to supplement products with food-grade bacteria. IMPORTANCEThe consequences of environmental pesticide pollution due to widespread usage in agriculture and soil leaching are becoming a major societal concern. Although the long-term effects of low-dose pesticide exposure for humans and wildlife remain largely unknown, logic suggests that these chemicals are not aligned with ecosystem health. This observation is most strongly supported by the agricultural losses associated with honeybee population declines, known as colony collapse disorder, in which pesticide usage is a likely trigger. Lactobacilli are bacteria used as beneficial microorganisms in fermented foods and have shown potentials to sequester and degrade environmental toxins. This study demonstrated that commonly used probiotic strains of lactobacilli could sequester, but not metabolize, organophosphate pesticides (parathion and chlorpyrifos). This Lactobacillus-mediated sequestration was associated with decreased intestinal absorption and insect toxicity in appropriate models. These findings hold promise for supplementing human, livestock, or apiary foods with probiotic microorganisms to reduce organophosphate pesticide exposure.O rganophosphate pesticides are ...

show abstract

Oxidative stress indices in Nigerian pesticide applicators and farmers occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Atherogenic Indices in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Atherogenic Indices in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

Effect of the Cymbopogon citratus Infusion on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme and on the Redox Profile in Farmers’ Erythrocytes

Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Reduces Organophosphate Pesticide Absorption and Toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster

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