Oxidative stress, inflammation and early cardiovascular damage in children with chronic renal failure

Abstract

The relationship between inflammation, oxidant stress and cardiovascular damage in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and early cardiovascular abnormalities. Therefore, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; blood glutathione (GSH) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; C-reactive protein (CRP) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha,); and left ventricular masses (LVM) and intima media thicknesses (IMT) were measured in children with CRF. A total of 29 children with CRF (19 nondialysis, 10 peritoneal dialysis) were included. The control group consisted of 25 healthy subjects. CRF children had significantly increased IL-6, TNF-alpha, CRP and MDA concentrations and decreased SOD, CAT and GSH levels compared with controls (P<0.05). Nondialysis and peritoneal dialysis subgroups had similar oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers (P>0.05). Erythrocyte CAT was positively correlated with CRP, TNF-alpha, and IL2-R in the study group. Positive correlations were found between cytokine concentrations, CRP and urea/creatinine levels. Significantly increased LVM and IMT values were found in CRF children (P<0.05). In conclusion, increased oxidant stress and inflammation together with early cardiovascular damage were found in CRF children. Further studies with more patients are needed to verify these results.

Evaluation of oxidative status in patients with <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> infection

“…Studies have reported that catalase is a major intracellular antioxidant enzyme. 6,26,27 In our study, catalase activity was found to be unimportantl in fascioliasis since no statistically significant difference was available between patients and control groups (p>0.05). Rehim WM et al in their study have reported that antioxidative support treatment may be helpful in elimination of F hepatica.…”

Biochemical assessment of oxidative status versus liver enzymes in patients with chronic fascioliasis

“…There was a highly significant difference between cases and controls as regard CAT, SOD, GPX; SOD was indirectly correlated with CAT and directly correlated with GPX. Studies have reported that CAT is a major intracellular antioxidant enzyme (Aslan et al 2007;Simsek et al 2006) although, Karsen et al (2011) reported that CAT activity was found to be unimportant in fascioliasis since no statistically significant difference was available between patients and control groups (Ece et al 2006). LPO is an ongoing physiological process, but several lines of evidence have suggested an important role for peroxidation in the pathogenesis of several parasitic diseases (Erel et al 1997;Karsen et al 2011;Oliveira and Cechini 2002).…”

Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Chronic Pediatric Dialysis Patients

“…Consistent with the enhanced inflammatory state were the elevated C-reactive protein levels in a majority of the patients whom we studied (9) and that the degree of inflammation correlated with the number of years that patients lived with ESRD (dialysis vintage). A recent study showed that there is increased oxidant stress and early cardiovascular damage in children with various stages of renal insufficiency, although the cohort included only a small number of patients who were receiving dialysis (10). On the basis of our previous studies, we decided to perform a pilot study to assess the anti-inflammatory capacity of daily, low-dosage aspirin on serum cytokine concentrations in children who were receiving maintenance HD or peritoneal dialysis (PD).…”