Oxidative Stress-Tolerant Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Decrease Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Damage in Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures from Adult Mice

Abstract

Oxidative stress causes severe tissue injury of the central nervous system in ischemic brain damage (IBD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress in organotypic brain slice cultures (OBSCs), and investigated the protective effects of oxidative stress-tolerant (OST) stem cells harvested from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) which were co-cultivated with OBSCs. Using presto blue assay and immunostaining, we demonstrated that both normal SHED and OST-SHED could prevent H2O2-induced cell death, and increase the numbers of mature neuron and neuronal progenitors in the hippocampus of OBSCs. During co-cultivation, OST-SHED, but not normal SHED, exhibited neuronal cell morphology and expressed neuronal markers. Results from ELISA showed that both normal SHED and OST-SHED significantly decreased oxidative DNA damage in H2O2-treated OBSCs. SHED could also produce neurotrophic factor BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) and promoted the production of IL-6 in OBSCs. Although OST-SHED had lower cell viability, the neuronal protection of OST-SHED was significantly superior to that of normal SHED. Our findings suggest that SHED, especially OST-SHED, could prevent oxidative stress induced brain damage. OST-SHED can be explored as a new therapeutic tool for IBD, TBI and neurodegenerative disorders.

Enzyme-Digested Edible Bird’s Nest (EBND) Prevents UV and arid Environment-Induced Cellular Oxidative Stress, Cell Death and DNA Damage in Human Skin Keratinocytes and Three-Dimensional Epithelium Equivalents

“…At the end of cultivation, cell culture supernatants were collected and reacted with the first and secondary antibodies, streptavidin-HRP and detection solution according to the manufacturer’s instruction. The reaction was stopped using the stop solution (from the ELISA kits) and absorbance was read at 450 nm using a microplate reader (SH-9000Lab, Hitachi, Tokyo) [ 19 ].…”

The Role of Dietary Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Impact on Cerebral Oxidoreductive Balance

“…The brain is an organ particularly susceptible to oxidative modifications. The same is caused by its high demand for oxygen (approximately 20% of the organism's total oxygen intake) and high content of lipids and transition metals (e.g., copper and iron), as well as relatively low levels of antioxidative enzymes [32]. Approximately 5% of the oxygen used in the mitochondria, peroxisomes, and microsomes of the respiratory chain is converted into ROS [7].…”

“…Large amounts of hydrogen peroxide are produced in phagocytizing microglial cells during the so-called "oxygen explosion". It is a very weakly reactive ROS, it does not oxidize membrane lipids or DNA directly but may oxidize thiol, phenol, thioester, and indole groups in various compounds [32]. The most aggressive ROS include the hydroxyl radical which may act both as a redactor and an oxidizer [41].…”

From 2D to 3D Co-Culture Systems: A Review of Co-Culture Models to Study the Neural Cells Interaction

“…The combination of organotypic slices and co-culture techniques is particularly beneficial for the model of various neurological pathways and diseases. For example, under oxygen-glucose-deprived conditions, hippocampal slices can be used to model oxidative stress-caused CNS injury [ 45 , 46 ]. The co-culture of whole adult brain coronal slice and glioma stem cells (GSCs) can be used to model the glioblastoma tumor-host cell interactions and to study the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme [ 47 ].…”