Oxidative toxicity in diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease: mechanisms behind ROS/ RNS generation

Ahmad, Waqar; Ijaz, Bushra; Shabbiri, Khadija; Ahmed, Fayyaz; Rehman, Sidra

doi:10.1186/s12929-017-0379-z

Cited by 279 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…Numerous molecular, clinical, epidemiological, etc. data supports a pathophysiological link between AD and DM (Ahmad et al, 2017). Cognitive decline related to DM is characterized by mild to moderate impairment, and an increased risk of developing AD and other forms of dementia (Toth, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities of Ocimum basilicum L., Laurus nobilis L. leaves and Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts

Duletić-Laušević¹,

Oalđe²,

Alimpić-Aradski³

2019

Lekovite sirovine

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Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) and Laurus nobilis (bay leaves or laurel) have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and also extensively employed as spices for adding aroma and flavor to various food products. Citrus reticulata (mandarin) is mainly used in food industry for juice production, while its peel as main byproduct contains high concentration of valuable substances. The samples were collected in Lastva Grbaljska (Montenegrin coast) and purchased from the market. Since the oxidative stress results in development of numerous diseases, among them neurodegeneration and diabetes, the antioxidant activity, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities were analyzed, aiming to compare potential of plants cultivated under natural conditions and commercially purchased from the market, as well as to compare the effect of different solvents applied in the extraction process. Water, methanol and acetone extracts of leaves and peel were tested by DPPH and total reducing power (TRP) methods for determination of antioxidant activity, and by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and αglucosidase inhibition assays for analyzing the other activities. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were also determined. The acetonic extract of L. nobilis from Lastva showed the highest TPC, DPPH, TRP, and α-glucosidase inhibition, while water extract of commercial L. nobilis exhibited the highest AChE inhibition. The leaves of L. nobilis are demonstrated to be promising antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities of Ocimum basilicum L., Laurus nobilis L. leaves and Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts

Duletić-Laušević¹,

Oalđe²,

Alimpić-Aradski³

2019

Lekovite sirovine

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“…Protein oxidation also plays an important role in AD. Protein carbonyls generated by the oxidation of amino acids increased in AD brains [36]. Oxidative modification of proteins such as unfolding, conformational changes, protein-protein cross linking due to dityrosine formation, tyrosine halogenation and nitration and protein carbonylation can cause the loss of protein function, resulting in cell death [37].…”

Section: Protein Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease by Novel Antioxidative Supplements

Tadokoro

Ohta

Inufusa

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) from its prodromal stage of mild cognitive impairment. There is an interplay between oxidative stress and the amyloid β (Aβ) cascade via various mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, glycoxidation, deoxyribonucleotide acid damage, altered antioxidant defense, impaired amyloid clearance, inflammation and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Based on findings that indicate that oxidative stress plays a major role in AD, oxidative stress has been considered as a therapeutic target of AD. In spite of favorable preclinical study outcomes, previous antioxidative components, including a single antioxidative supplement such as vitamin C, vitamin E or their mixtures, did not clearly show any therapeutic effect on cognitive decline in AD. However, novel antioxidative supplements can be beneficial for AD patients. In this review, we summarize the interplay between oxidative stress and the Aβ cascade, and introduce novel antioxidative supplements expected to prevent cognitive decline in AD.

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“…The generalized term reactive oxygen species (ROS) encompasses various species, including singlet oxygen, the superoxide anion (O 2 · − ), the hydroxyl radical (HO · ), the hydroperoxy radical (HOO · ), alkoxide radicals (RCOO · ), thiyl peroxyl radicals (RSOO · ) and non‐radical molecules, such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO · − ), all of which have inherent chemical properties that confer reactivity to different biological targets . ROS, generally considered toxic byproducts of metabolism, are considered as drivers of diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases . Recent studies suggest that ROS, acting as important signalling messengers, play an important role in a broad variety of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, the expression of genes and proteins, post‐translational modification and the balance of cellular homeostasis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological regulation of reactive oxygen species in organisms based on their physicochemical properties

Huang

2019

Acta Physiologica

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Oxidative stress is recognized as free radical dyshomeostasis, which has damaging effects on proteins, lipids and DNA. However, during cell differentiation and proliferation and other normal physiological processes, free radicals play a pivotal role in message transmission and are considered important messengers. Organisms maintain free radical homeostasis through a sophisticated regulatory system in which these "2faced" molecules play appropriate roles under physiological and pathological conditions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including a large number of free radicals, act as redox signalling molecules in essential cellular signalling pathways, including cell differentiation and proliferation. However, excessive ROS levels can induce oxidative stress, which is an important risk factor for diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. An overall comprehensive understanding of ROS is beneficial for understanding the pathogenesis of certain diseases and finding new therapeutic treatments.This review primarily focuses on ROS cellular localization, sources, chemistry and molecular targets to determine how to distinguish between the roles of ROS as messengers and in oxidative stress. K E Y W O R D Shomeostasis, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen, redox signalling, signalling pathways 2 of 16 | HUANG ANd LI for the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancer and cardiovascular disease. | SOURCES AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ROS | ROS sourcessecond messengers, what are the corresponding acceptors for these special ROS? To better recognize ROS, a new tool that can monitor changes in ROS levels and position in real time must be developed. Determining how to utilize the characteristics of ROS to treat diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, cancer and Alzheimer's diseases, is worth further exploration.

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Oxidative toxicity in diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease: mechanisms behind ROS/ RNS generation

Cited by 279 publications

References 143 publications

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities of Ocimum basilicum L., Laurus nobilis L. leaves and Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities of Ocimum basilicum L., Laurus nobilis L. leaves and Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts

Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease by Novel Antioxidative Supplements

Physiological regulation of reactive oxygen species in organisms based on their physicochemical properties

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