Oxy-nitroso shielding burst model of cold atmospheric plasma therapeutics

Abstract

Cite this article as: David B Graves, Oxy-nitroso shielding burst model of cold atmospheric plasma therapeutics, Clinical Plasma Medicine, http://dx. AbstractIt is postulated that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can trigger a therapeutic shielding response in tissue by creating a time-and space-localized, burst-like form of oxy-nitrosative stress on near-surface exposed cells through the flux of plasma-generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). RONS-exposed surface layers of cells communicate to the deeper levels of tissue via a form of the 'bystander effect,' similar to responses to other forms of cell stress. In this proposed model of CAP therapeutics, the plasma stimulates a cellular survival mechanism through which aerobic organisms shield themselves from infection and other challenges.

Low temperature plasma applications in medicine

“…However, the dominating role of ROS and RNS is established and demonstrated by several experimental setups independent on the specific plasma device used [5,6]. Generation of ROS and RNS is mainly referable to atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen which are part of the working gas in air-based plasma sources but is also admixed into the plasma in the case of noble gas-based plasma sources if they are working at open atmospheric conditions.…”

In-situ UV Absorption Spectroscopy for Monitoring Transport of Plasma Reactive Species through Agarose as Surrogate for Tissue

“…the destruction of biofilms [15] and tumours [16] in the order of 10s of micrometres to millimetres in thickness. APPJ deactivation of biofilms and tumours are often explained by surface cell layers transmitting signals deeper within tissue through cell-to-cell communication [17,18]. Using a synthetic tissue and cell model, we have shown that a He APPJ can directly interact with cells in the sub-surface of tissue (~150 m) [19].…”

Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Real-Time Transport of Plasma-Generated Ionic Species Through an Agarose Tissue Model Target

“…It was demonstrated that NT-APP treatment significantly reduces the size of solid cancerous tumors in the order of mm in thicknesses [6,11]. Initially, these results seem surprising because (i) the highlyreactive RONS, such as the hydroxyl radical (OH•) that induce significant cell damage, have relatively short lifetimes and diffusion distances [12], and (ii) the NT-APP treatment of solid organic materials is typically limited to the uppermost (first few nm) of the surface [13]. Therefore, initially it is difficult to reconcile how NT-APP treatment can penetrate into a solid tumor target of mm in thickness.…”

“…The 'deeper' effects of NT-APP into solid tumors of several mm in thickness can potentially be explained by cell-cell communication [12,14,15]. In this scenario, cells stimulated at the surface of tissue by the NT-APP treatment, transmit signals deeper into the tumor through cellular signaling processes.…”