Oxygen-binding properties of bat hemoglobins

Abstract

The functional properties of hemolysates from the bats Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Miniopterus schreibersi and Pipistrellus pipistrellus were studied at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C over the pH range 7.0-7.4. The concentrations of 2,3-DPG and their effect on hemoglobin O2 affinity were also studied under the same conditions. At pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C hemoglobin O2 affinity was higher than in similarly-sized non-flying, normothermic mammals. The Bohr effect values in the three bat species were slightly lower than those reported for small non-flying mammals. The temperature sensitivities of the oxygenation reactions in bat hemoglobins were low, which may be a mechanism for avoiding the effects of abrupt body temperature changes on oxygen loading and unloading by hemoglobin. The levels of 2, 3-DPG high in red blood cells of active bats decrease when the bats are hibernating. Thus changes in hemoglobin O2 affinity are more probably due to changes in 2,3-DPG concentrations than to alterations of body temperature.

Molecular Cloning and Evolutionary Analysis of Hemoglobin α-Chain Genes in Bats

“…In the order Chiroptera, different bat species also have different physiological needs, and their heat sensitivity also differs (Condo et al 1989). According to Arevalo et al (1991), temperature coefficients are -5.98 Kcal mol -1 in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, -6.68 Kcal mol -1 in Miniopterus schreibersi, and -7.39 Kcal mol -1 for Pipistrellus pipistrellus, which are distinctly lower than the range of values (-12 to -15 Kcal mol -1 ) reported for the hemoglobin of other mammals. These temperature coefficients correspond with the intrinsic heat of oxygenation.…”

“…An important characteristic of Hb in bats, however, is its insensitivity to heat. During flight, bats' bodies generate a lot of heat, and because their Hb has evolved low temperature sensitivity, it functions normally when body temperature rises (Arevalo et al 1991). In the order Chiroptera, different bat species also have different physiological needs, and their heat sensitivity also differs (Condo et al 1989).…”

Optimizing dissection, sample collection and cell isolation protocols for frugivorous bats

“…Here we characterized sample collection and utilization of almost all tissues from fruit bats. While multiple groups have used bats in in vivo scientific studies for physiology (Chen, Zhu, Jones, Zhang, & Sun, 2013;Harrison & Roberts, 2000;Suarez, Hanna, & Herrera, 2009;Suarez, Welch, Hanna, & Herrera, 2009b), metabolism (Arévalo, Pérez-Suárez, & Lóapez-Luna, 1991;Bell, Price, Balthes, Cordon, & Wormell, 2019;Brunet-Rossinni, 2004;Foley et al, 2018;Funakoshi & Kunisaki, 1991;Healy et al, 2014;Hernández-Arciga et al, 2018;McMichael et al, 2016McMichael et al, , 2015Peng et al, 2017;Podlutsky, Khritankov, Ovodov, & Austad, 2005), evolution (Currie, Stawski, & Geiser, 2018;Moreno-Santillán, Machain-Williams, Hernández-Montes, & Ortega, 2019;Pollard et al, 2019;Seim et al, 2013;Shen et al, 2010) or immunological/virological studies (Aguilar-Setién et al, 2008;Ahn et al, 2019;Aída, Herrera, Flores-Martínez, & Welch, 2016;Allen, Sims, & Singht, n.d.;Barr et al, 2012;Chakravarty & Paul, 1987;Halpin et al, 2011;Davis et al, 2005;Cabrera-Romo et al, 2014;Hughes et al, 2006;Jones et al, 2015;Kandeil et al, 2019;Mackie et al, 2017;Obregón-Morales et al, 2017;…”

“…Here we characterized sample collection and utilization of almost all tissues from fruit bats. While multiple groups have used bats in in vivo scientific studies for physiology (Chen, Zhu, Jones, Zhang, & Sun, ; Harrison & Roberts, ; Suarez, Hanna, & Herrera, ; Suarez, Welch, Hanna, & Herrera, ), metabolism (Arévalo, Pérez‐Suárez, & Lóapez‐Luna, ; Bell, Price, Balthes, Cordon, & Wormell, ; Brunet‐Rossinni, ; Foley et al, ; Funakoshi & Kunisaki, ; Healy et al, ; Hernández‐Arciga et al, ; McMichael et al, , ; Peng et al, ; Podlutsky, Khritankov, Ovodov, & Austad, ), evolution (Currie, Stawski, & Geiser, ; Moreno‐Santillán, Machain‐Williams, Hernández‐Montes, & Ortega, ; Pollard et al, ; Seim et al, ; Shen et al, ) or immunological/virological studies (Aguilar‐Setién et al, ; Ahn et al, ; Aída, Herrera, Flores‐Martínez, & Welch, ; Allen, Sims, & Singht, n.d.; Barr et al, ; Chakravarty & Paul, ; Halpin et al, ; Davis et al, ; Cabrera‐Romo et al, ; Hughes et al, ; Jones et al, ; Kandeil et al, ; Mackie et al, ; Obregón‐Morales et al, ; Paweska et al, ; Perea‐Martínez et al, ; Sarkar & Chakravarty, ; Sullivan, Grimes, Eads, Menzies, & Irons, ; Swanepoel et al, ; Tong et al, ; Watanabe et al, ; Weise, Czirják, Lindecke, Bumrungsri, & Voigt, ; Yob et al, ), there is no detailed description of the methods required for efficient processing. Consistent, fast, methodology will benefit comparative biology studies on bats across multiple disciplines.…”

HAEMATOLOGY PROFILE OF FRUIT BATS Cynopterus spp. FROM SPECIAL REGION YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

“…Bats have high levels of hemoglobin compared to other terrestrial mammals. It is because vascular permeability changes due to environmental temperature and flight activity (Arévalo et al, 1991;Arad & Korine, 1993). Unfortunately, it needs further analysis in this study.…”