Oxygen-etchant-promoted synthesis of vertically aligned graphene arrays in a Joule heater and defogger

Zhao, Yun; Yu, Lingyan; Wang, Gang; Yang, Siwei; He, Zhengyi; Zhang, Guanglin; Feng, Xiaoqiang; Liu, Zhiduo; Wei, Zhiheng; Zhu, Yuejin; Ding, Guqiao

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2021.108697

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For daily life devices (e.g., automobile side‐view mirror), the heater in this work can complete defogging in 13 s under the voltage of 12 V, which is more efficient and exhibits lower power consumption compared with that of other graphene‐based defoggers. [ 25,66,67 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Electrothermal Film Based on Laser‐Induced Graphene

et al. 2022

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The flexible heaters have attracted growing interest due to their wide applications including biosensors, [1,2] gas sensors, [3] defoggers, [4] and microfluidics. [5] Generally, these electrothermal film heaters contain electrically conductive layers that operate under the principle of Joule heating. An excellent electrothermal heater requires not only fast response time, stable working temperature, and uniform temperature distribution but also flexibility, arbitrary shape, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness. [6] Much effort has been devoted to studying the indium tin oxide (ITO)-based heater due to its optical transparency, mechanical strength, and conductivity. [7] However, the poor ductility and fragility, long response time, and complex manufacturing processes limited its flexible usage. [8,9] Ceramic heaters were also widely investigated; one problem is that they do not work well for people with breathing problems. During the past few decades, metal nanowires (MNWs) such as silver nanowires (AgNWs), copper nanowires (CuNWs), and gold nanowires (AuNWs), have been investigated as alternative materials, due to there are many strategies that can fabricate their networks by simple drop casting, spin coating, and inkjet printing. [10][11][12][13] Nevertheless, the MNWsbased heaters may universally suffer from the exorbitant price of raw materials, [14] the potential presence of "super-Joule" heating hotspots induces local degradation, [15] relative low stability under electrical and/or thermal loading conditions, [16] and poor adhesion to substrates. [17] Moreover, the mentioned examples are based on the deposition of the self-heating layer on a substrate, which means that additional posting processes such as drying, curing, or sintering are needed. [18,19] Consequently, novel materials-based heating elements and strategies are highly required to achieve high-performance electrothermal heaters with a simple process and integration.Recently, carbon nanomaterials such as graphene have attracted much attention as heating elements due to their excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal properties, and biocompatibility. [20][21][22] Graphene-based heaters fabricated by chemical vapor deposition, [23] thermally reduced graphene oxide, [24] chemical reduced graphene oxide, [25] laser reduced graphene oxide, and [26] laser-induced graphene (LIG) from polymers [27] have been reported. Among them, LIG from polymers offers the idea of directly converting certain types of polyimides into graphene/graphite structures via photothermal or photochemical effects under ambient conditions. Due to the high-efficiency, low-cost, custom-designed pattern, scalable process, and one-step procedure without the transferring processes, this straightforward method of synthesizing LIG becomes a promising fabrication strategy for sensors, heaters, actuators, electromagnetic shielding, and smart devices. [6,21,[28][29][30] For LIG-based heaters, various investigations have been conducted, for example, Chen et al. propo...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Electrothermal Film Based on Laser‐Induced Graphene

et al. 2022

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“…For example, surface coatings containing biocides, such as tributyltin, copper (Cu), carbon (C) nanomaterials, and zinc oxide (ZnO), have been commonly used to prevent the formation of biofilms. − However, such biocidal materials can damage living organisms and contaminate the environment because of their inherent toxicity. , Surface coatings containing conventional antifogging reagents (such as xylitol ester and lauric acid) exhibit limited biocompatibility and long-term effectiveness . Although Joule heating of the surface is effective for fog removal, it requires the application of energy provided by an external source …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Although Joule heating of the surface is effective for fog removal, it requires the application of energy provided by an external source. 16 With the increasing interest in the development of energysaving and sustainable technologies, eco-friendly approaches for functional coating technologies have been introduced. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a strong candidate for use as a sustainable antibiofouling and antifogging material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Amphiphilic Nanospikes with Antifogging and Antibiofouling Properties

Lee

Kang

Jang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Over the past few decades, extensive research efforts have been devoted to developing surfaces with unique functionalities, such as controlled wettability, antibiofouling, antifogging, and anti-icing behavior, for applications in a wide range of fields, including biomedical devices, optical instruments, microfluidics, and energy conservation and harvesting. However, many of the previously reported approaches have limitations with regard to eco-friendliness, multifunctionality, long-term stability and efficacy, and cost effectiveness. Herein, we propose a scalable bifunctional surface that simultaneously exhibits excellent antifogging and antibiofouling properties based on the synergistic integration of an eco-friendly and bio-friendly polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel, oleamide (OA), and nanoscale architectures in a single flexible platform. We demonstrate that the PEG-OA-nanostructure hybrid exhibits excellent antifogging performance owing to its enhanced water absorption and spreading properties. We further show that the triple hybrid exhibits notable biofilm resistance without the use of toxic biocides or chemicals by integrating the “fouling-resistant” mechanism of the PEG hydrogel, the “fouling-release” mechanism of OA, and the “foulant-killing” mechanism of the nanostructures.

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“…Recently, with the development of flexible electronics, low power consumption and fast response microheater are desired in many areas [ 6 , 19 ]. Because of the unique electrical and thermal conductivity, the graphene-based electrothermal heater has shown the properties of fast response, flexibility, and high-efficiency energy conversion [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Graphene-based typical structures fabricated with different methods are shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Thermal Analysis of Flexible Microheaters

Ruan

Chen

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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With the development of flexible electronics, flexible microheaters have been applied in many areas. Low power consumption and fast response microheaters have attracted much attention. In this work, systematic thermal and mechanical analyses were conducted for a kind of flexible microheater with two different wire structures. The microheater consisted of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and copper electric wire with graphene thin film as the middle layer. The steady-state average temperature and heating efficiency for the two structures were compared and it was shown that the S-shaped wire structure was better for voltage-controlled microheater other than circular-shaped structure. In addition, the maximum thermal stress for both structures was from the boundary of microheaters, which indicated that not only the wire structure but also the shape of micro heaters should be considered to reduce the damage caused by thermal stress. The influence resulting from the thickness of graphene thin film also has been discussed. In all, the heating efficiency for flexible microheaters can be up to 135 °C/W. With the proposed PID voltage control system, the response time for the designed microheater was less than 10 s. Moreover, a feasible fabrication process flow for these proposed structures combing thermal analysis results in this work can provide some clues for flexible microheaters design and fabrication in other application areas.

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Oxygen-etchant-promoted synthesis of vertically aligned graphene arrays in a Joule heater and defogger

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

High‐Performance Electrothermal Film Based on Laser‐Induced Graphene

High‐Performance Electrothermal Film Based on Laser‐Induced Graphene

Bifunctional Amphiphilic Nanospikes with Antifogging and Antibiofouling Properties

Design and Thermal Analysis of Flexible Microheaters

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