Oxygen-Regulated Gene Expression in Bovine Blastocysts1

Harvey, Alexandra J; Kind, Karen L.; Pantaleon, Marie; Armstrong, David T.; Thompson, Jeremy G.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod.104.028639

Cited by 155 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…High oxygen tension increases H 2 O 2 production, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and thereby decreases the percentage of IVC embryos reaching the blastocyst stage (Van Soom et al 2002, Kitagawa et al 2004. By affecting oxidative homeostasis, it might actually decrease energy production by the mitochondria (Harvey et al 2004a). Uncouplers and inhibitors of OXPHOS appear to affect embryo development in a similar manner (Thompson et al 2000, Machaty et al 2001 as well as the expression of redox-sensitive genes such as HIF1A and HIF2A (Harvey et al 2004b).…”

Section: Response To Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

Cagnone

Sirard

2016

Reproduction

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Recent genomic studies have shed light on the impact of in vitro culture (IVC) on embryonic homeostasis and the differential gene expression profiles associated with lower developmental competence. Consistently, the embryonic stress responses to IVC conditions correlate with transcriptomic changes in pathways related to energetic metabolism, extracellular matrix remodelling and inflammatory signalling. These changes appear to result from a developmental adaptation that enhances a Warburg-like effect known to occur naturally during blastulation. First discovered in cancer cells, the Warburg effect (increased glycolysis under aerobic conditions) is thought to result from mitochondrial dysfunction. In the case of IVC embryos, culture conditions may interfere with mitochondrial maturation and oxidative phosphorylation, forcing cells to rely on glycolysis in order to maintain energetic homeostasis. While beneficial in the short term, such adaptations may lead to epigenetic changes with potential long-term effects on implantation, foetal growth and post-natal health. We conclude that lessening the detrimental effects of IVC on mitochondrial activity would lead to significantly improved embryo quality.Reproduction (2016) 152 R247-R261

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Section: Response To Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

Cagnone

Sirard

2016

Reproduction

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“…Recent reports have shown the differences in gene expression between the embryos developed in vivo and in vitro in mouse [56, 57,134] cow [58][59][60]. Furthermore, gene expression is highly affected by oxygen tension in in vitro condition in mouse [33,61], rabbit [62] and cow [63][64][65][66] [67]. Besides, a proteomic analysis of mouse preimplantation embryonic development has cleared that a specific pattern of proteins effectively discriminated in vitro embryos cultured under low O 2 (5%) from in vitro embryos cultured at high O 2 [68].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression In Preimplantation Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative stress to embryos cultured in vitro under ambient oxygen concentration is correlated with the generation of ROS such as hydrogen peroxide [8,21] [62] and cow [63][64][65][66] embryos (Table 1). These studies have revealed the change of individual gene expression involved in metabolic pathway [59,61,63,64], apoptotic [60], pregnancy recognition [60,129] or growth factors [60,61] etc.…”

Section: Effects Of Oxidative Stress On Development Of Preimplantatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Redox Regulation on <i>In Vitro</i> Development of Mammalian Embryos

2012

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Abstract. Many factors affect development of mammalian preimplantation embryos in vitro. It is well known that in vitro development of bovine embryos is highly affected by culture condition including energy source, growth factors, pH or gas environment. Many efforts have been made towards the suitable environments which can successfully support embryo development in vitro. For a rapid growth and differentiation, embryo requires energy by utilizing ATP, NADPH with oxygen molecules. These energy substrates are produced from the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. In addition to energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also generated as by-product of such energy production system. ROS production is sensitively controlled by the balance of oxidizing and reducing status and affected by several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or low molecular weight thiols such as glutathione (GSH). Imbalance of oxidation and reduction causes production of excess ROS, which causes the developmental arrest, physical DNA damage, apoptosis induction or lipid peroxidation. Environmental oxygen condition during embryo culture also highly affects embryo development as well as intracellular redox balance. Several studies have revealed that regulation of intra-and extra-cellular reducing environment by reducing excess ROS by using antioxidants, reducing oxygen concentration are effective for improving embryo development. Also, recent studies have demonstrated the difference in gene expression affected by oxidative stress. This review briefly summarizes the effects of ROS and the role of redox balance on preimplantation embryos for improving the efficiency of in vitro production of mammalian embryos. Key words: Embryo development, Glutathione, Intracellular redox state, Reactive oxygen species (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: 1-9, 2012) H andling of oocytes and embryos in vitro is an effective technique for obtaining offspring by embryo transfer, investigating the mechanisms of early embryonic development and differentiation, gene functions by transgenic approach and research of somatic cell clones in mammals. To improve the pregnancy rates in in vitro produced (IVP) embryos, it is important to evaluate and improve the quality of embryos suitable for transfer. Therefore, increasing the number of good quality embryos as well as selection of superior quality embryos is one of the most practical and clinically useful approaches in embryo transfer of mammalian preimplantation embryos. It is well known that in vitro development of bovine embryos is highly affected by culture condition. Therefore, much effort has been made towards the effective culture methods that support embryo development in vitro. The detrimental effect of oxidative stress caused by a high oxygen concentration under culture condition on embryo development has been studied with the comparison of oxygen concentration in in vivo condition.It was found that embryo development is promoted under a low O 2 concent...

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“…Moreover, anaerobic bacteria are able to colonize the uterine lumen (15,16). Embryos are exceedingly sensitive to oxidative damage (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), and blastocysts produced under low O 2 have significantly more inner cell mass cells than those produced under higher O 2 tensions (25). Accordingly, embryologists generally culture embryos under a low rather than high oxygen atmosphere (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low O ₂ tensions and the prevention of differentiation of hES cells

Ezashi

Das²,

Roberts³

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

758

600

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Early-stage mammalian embryos develop in a low O2 environment (hypoxia). hES cells, however, are generally cultured under an atmosphere of 21% O2 (normoxia), under which conditions they tend to differentiate spontaneously. Such conditions may not be the most suitable, therefore, for hES cell propagation. Here we have tested two hypotheses. The first hypothesis was that hES cells would grow as well under hypoxic as under normoxic conditions. The second hypothesis was that hypoxic culture would reduce the amount of spontaneous cell differentiation that occurs in hES colonies. Both hypotheses proved to be correct. Cells proliferated as well under 3% and 5% O2 as they did under 21% O2, and growth was only slightly reduced at 1% O2. The appearance of differentiated regions as assessed morphologically, biochemically (by the production of human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone), and immunohistochemically (by the loss of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 and Oct-4 and gain of stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 marker expression) was markedly reduced under hypoxic conditions. In addition, hES cell growth under hypoxia provided enhanced formation of embryoid bodies. Hypoxic culture would appear to be necessary to maintain full pluripotency of hES cells.H1 cell ͉ hypoxia ͉ pluripotent ͉ human chorionic gonadotropin ͉ Oct-4 transcription factor

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Oxygen-Regulated Gene Expression in Bovine Blastocysts1

Cited by 155 publications

References 62 publications

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

Oxidative Stress and Redox Regulation on <i>In Vitro</i> Development of Mammalian Embryos

Low O ₂ tensions and the prevention of differentiation of hES cells

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Oxygen-Regulated Gene Expression in Bovine Blastocysts1

Cited by 155 publications

References 62 publications

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

The embryonic stress response to in vitro culture: insight from genomic analysis

Oxidative Stress and Redox Regulation on <i>In Vitro</i> Development of Mammalian Embryos

Low O 2 tensions and the prevention of differentiation of hES cells

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Low O ₂ tensions and the prevention of differentiation of hES cells