Oxygen removal and level control with zirconia — Yttria membrane cells

Badwal, S. P. S.; Ciacchi, F.T.; Zelizko, V.; Giampietro, Kristine M.

doi:10.1007/bf02376580

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Apart from the hydrogen production technologies discussed above, there has been a strong emphasis on developing both proton conducting polymer and oxygen-ion conducting ceramic membranes for high purity oxygen production for medical (e.g., home care oxygen therapy), defense, space and clean energy production applications (Badwal and Ciacchi, 2001 ; Badwal et al, 2003 ; Phair and Badwal, 2006a ; Ursua et al, 2012 ). For example, in a concept described by Giddey et al (Ursua et al, 2012 ), an electrolysis cell based on the proton conducting polymer membrane NAFION was used to split water to produce oxygen on one side of the cell with protons migrating through the membrane to the other electrode/electrolyte interface which then reacted with oxygen from air supplied to produce water.…”

Section: Membrane Separation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Badwal and Ciacchi, 2000 ). Although solid electrolytic cells based on pure ionic conductors are useful for oxygen removal to generate inert atmospheres or for oxygen level control, their use for large scale oxygen production is limited to specific applications (Badwal et al, 2003 ) due to the large energy input (applied voltage) required to drive across the electrochemical cell. For bulk oxygen production applications such as oxyfuel combustion, mixed ionic/electronic conductors (MIEC) have been considered and technology developed based on such materials (Zhang et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Membrane Separation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies

et al. 2014

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Electrochemical cells and systems play a key role in a wide range of industry sectors. These devices are critical enabling technologies for renewable energy; energy management, conservation, and storage; pollution control/monitoring; and greenhouse gas reduction. A large number of electrochemical energy technologies have been developed in the past. These systems continue to be optimized in terms of cost, life time, and performance, leading to their continued expansion into existing and emerging market sectors. The more established technologies such as deep-cycle batteries and sensors are being joined by emerging technologies such as fuel cells, large format lithium-ion batteries, electrochemical reactors; ion transport membranes and supercapacitors. This growing demand (multi billion dollars) for electrochemical energy systems along with the increasing maturity of a number of technologies is having a significant effect on the global research and development effort which is increasing in both in size and depth. A number of new technologies, which will have substantial impact on the environment and the way we produce and utilize energy, are under development. This paper presents an overview of several emerging electrochemical energy technologies along with a discussion some of the key technical challenges.

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Section: Membrane Separation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Separation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies

et al. 2014

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“…Li et al designed two deoxidizers packed with Pd/Al 2 O 3 -based de-oxidant before the compressor and the fixed-bed reactor to reduce the O 2 content to the desired value [57]. In another research, tubular zirconia-yttria membranes have been developed to remove oxygen from low oxygen containing gas to produce oxygen-free gas streams [58].…”

Section: Inorganic and Other Impurities Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Biomass to Liquid Conversion

2012

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Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a set of catalytic processes that can be used to produce fuels and chemicals from synthesis gas (mixture of CO and H 2 ), which can be derived from natural gas, coal, or biomass. Biomass to Liquid via Fischer-Tropsch (BTL-FT) synthesis is gaining increasing interests from academia and industry because of its ability to produce carbon neutral and environmentally friendly clean fuels; such kinds of fuels can help to meet the globally increasing energy demand and to meet the stricter environmental regulations in the future. In the BTL-FT process, biomass, such as woodchips and straw stalk, is firstly converted into biomass-derived syngas (bio-syngas) by gasification. Then, a cleaning process is applied to remove impurities from the bio-syngas to produce clean bio-syngas which meets the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis requirements. Cleaned bio-syngas is then conducted into a Fischer-Tropsch catalytic reactor to produce green gasoline, diesel and other clean biofuels. This review will analyze the three main steps of BTL-FT process, and discuss the issues related to biomass gasification, bio-syngas cleaning methods and conversion of bio-syngas into liquid hydrocarbons via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Some features in regard to increasing carbon utilization, enhancing catalyst activity, maximizing selectivity and avoiding catalyst deactivation in bio-syngas conversion process are also discussed.

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“…It is established that zirconia, in all physical and structural forms examined, is a biocompatible material. 1,[9][10][11][12] The synthetic methods of nano-sized ZrO 2 mainly include gas-phase methods [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] such as gas-phase chemical synthesis [16][17][18][19][20] and chemical vapor deposition, [21][22][23] and liquidphase methods such as fast precipitation, [24][25][26][27][28] sol-gel, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] solvent evaporation, [38][39][40][41] and hydrothermal treatment, as well as some other methods that have been tried. [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable synthesis of zirconia nano-powders using vapor-phase hydrolysis and theoretical analysis

Wang

Guo

et al. 2014

J. Mater. Chem. A

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The feasibility of controllable synthesis of nano-crystalline ZrO 2 powders using vapor-phase hydrolysis was studied. XRD, SEM, TEM, BET and TG-DTA methods were used to investigate the phase composition, particle size, and agglomeration. The formation process of the nano-particles was also analyzed with the classic Smoluchowski theory, the coupled cluster theory [CCSD(T)]/aT and/or Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2)/aT. The results show that the morphology and size of the ZrO 2 nano-particles were very much dependent on the ratio of ZrCl 4 : H 2 O, which played an important part in determining the characteristics of the ZrO 2 nano-particles. By increasing the concentration of water to decrease their collision rate and prevent nano-particle agglomeration, the size distribution of the nano-particle product would be decreased and a more monodisperse nano-particle product would be collected. In particular, the best characteristics were obtained using a precursor ratio of 1 : 40 (ZrCl 4 : H 2 O). The nano-powders had a small particle size (15 nm), a high degree of crystallinity and very weak agglomeration, in a continuous instead of batch operation. This route is free of powder drying and calcination processes that are essential for wet chemical preparation, contributing to less agglomeration.

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Oxygen removal and level control with zirconia — Yttria membrane cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies

Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies

Application of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Biomass to Liquid Conversion

Controllable synthesis of zirconia nano-powders using vapor-phase hydrolysis and theoretical analysis

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