2020
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001077
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Oxytocin Differentially Modulates Amygdala Responses during Top‐Down and Bottom‐Up Aversive Anticipation

Abstract: The ability to successfully regulate negative emotions such as fear and anxiety is vital for mental health. Intranasal administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has been shown to reduce amygdala activity but to increase amygdala-prefrontal cortex connectivity during exposure to threatening stimuli suggesting that it may act as an important modulator of emotion regulation. The present randomized, between-subject, placebo-controlled pharmacological study combines the intranasal administration of OXT with… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…We also examined the predictive effect of individual differences in psychometric scale scores on the activation of RSNs. Previous studies have indicated that the effect of OT on brain activity is modulated by emotional states and individual variability (Alcorn III et al, 2015;Hecht et al, 2017;Xin et al, 2020). Thus, we measured whether OT could affect the associations between brain network activation and subjective emotional states as well as personality traits.…”
Section: Predictive Modelmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…We also examined the predictive effect of individual differences in psychometric scale scores on the activation of RSNs. Previous studies have indicated that the effect of OT on brain activity is modulated by emotional states and individual variability (Alcorn III et al, 2015;Hecht et al, 2017;Xin et al, 2020). Thus, we measured whether OT could affect the associations between brain network activation and subjective emotional states as well as personality traits.…”
Section: Predictive Modelmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported BNST activation to uncertain threat anticipation [27][28][29][30][31][32] , yet evidence that the BNST encodes subjective anticipatory experience remains controversial. Previous fMRI studies comparing conditions of uncertain threat versus safe anticipation (overview see 33 ) have revealed increased activity in a broad range of brain regions such as BNST 30,31,34,35 , amygdala [36][37][38] , periaqueductal gray (PAG) 29,34,39 , anterior insula (aINS) [27][28][29]40,41 , anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) 28,29,40,42,43 and lateral and medial frontal regions 41,[44][45][46] . However, the comparison does not allow to specifically isolate the subjective feeling of uncertain threat anticipation given that the conditions may differ in several other mental processes (e.g., defensive responses or arousal), and the identified regions are involved in fundamental cognitive processes including salience or arousal 13 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, previous studies reported robust and selective decreases in 5-HT signaling following similar the ATD treatment protocols as used in the present study [43, 86], the additional examination of blood-level measures particularly in the combined treatment group may reveal important additional information on the relevance of serotonergic system to anxiety-relevant processes and should be included in future studies. The present study matched the groups for trait anxiety, while a number of studies reported associations with trait anxiety impact cognitive and emotional processes as well as pharmacological effects [58, 87, 88]. Finally, while the study involved a total of 51 participants in a complex pharmaco-fMRI design we did not include an a priori sample size calculation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%