Oystershell scale: an emerging invasive threat to aspen in the southwestern US

Crouch, Connor D.; Grady, Amanda; Wilhelmi, Nicholas P.; Hofstetter, Richard W.; DePinte, Daniel E.; Waring, Kristen M.

doi:10.1007/s10530-021-02545-0

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In addition, recent aspen mortality has been widespread due to severe drought, the spread of the invasive scale insect Lepidosaphes ulmi (oystershell scale) and a range of fungal pathogens (Anderegg, Flint, et al, 2015; Crouch et al, 2021; Hanna & Kulakowski, 2012; Worrall et al, 2010). These impacts are likely to increase with climate warming and expanding urbanization (Crouch et al, 2021; Kolb et al, 2016; Lukas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, aspen recruitment into the forest canopy is reduced by herbivory in areas with high ungulate populations (Andrus, Hart, & Veblen, 2020; DeRose & Long, 2010) and ungulates can be particularly abundant following bark beetle outbreaks (Ivan et al, 2018). In addition, recent aspen mortality has been widespread due to severe drought, the spread of the invasive scale insect Lepidosaphes ulmi (oystershell scale) and a range of fungal pathogens (Anderegg, Flint, et al, 2015; Crouch et al, 2021; Hanna & Kulakowski, 2012; Worrall et al, 2010). These impacts are likely to increase with climate warming and expanding urbanization (Crouch et al, 2021; Kolb et al, 2016; Lukas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rocky Mountain forests are poised to recover following bark beetle outbreaks but with altered composition

et al. 2022

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1. Amplified by warming temperatures and drought, recent outbreaks of native bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) have caused extensive tree mortality throughout Europe and North America. Despite their ubiquitous nature and important effects on ecosystems, forest recovery following such disturbances is poorly understood, particularly across regions with varying abiotic conditions and outbreak effects. 2. To better understand post-outbreak recovery across a topographically complex region, we synthesized data from 16 field studies spanning subalpine forests in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA. From 1997 to 2019, these forests were heavily affected by outbreaks of three native bark beetle species (Dendroctonus ponderosae, Dendroctonus rufipennis and Dryocoetes confusus). We compared pre-and post-outbreak forest conditions and developed region-wide predictive maps of post-outbreak (1) live basal areas, (2) juvenile densities and (3) height

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rocky Mountain forests are poised to recover following bark beetle outbreaks but with altered composition

et al. 2022

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“…This prediction is consistent with findings from ground‐based analyses of aspen stem mortality (Blonder et al, 2021). However, regeneration and species interactions may lead to more complex and less predictable outcomes (Marchetti et al, 2011; Rogers et al, 2014), e.g., as in aspen forests affected by fungal cankers and drought (Ruess et al, 2021) as well as insect pathogens (Crouch et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of cytotype and its consequences for canopy damage in quaking aspen

Blonder

Brodrick

Walton

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Mapping geographic mosaics of genetic variation and their consequences via genotype x environment interactions at large extents and high resolution has been limited by the scalability of DNA sequencing. Here, we address this challenge for cytotype (chromosome copy number) variation in quaking aspen, a drought-impacted foundation tree species. We integrate airborne imaging spectroscopy data with groundbased DNA sequencing data and canopy damage data in 391 km 2 of southwestern Colorado. We show that (1) aspen cover and cytotype can be remotely sensed at 1 m spatial resolution, (2) the geographic mosaic of cytotypes is heterogeneous and interdigitated, (3) triploids have higher leaf nitrogen, canopy water content, and carbon isotope shifts (δ 13 C) than diploids, and (4) canopy damage varies among cytotypes and depends on interactions with topography, canopy height, and trait variables. Triploids are at higher risk in hotter and drier conditions.

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Plant-level establishment can result from a single female Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae propagule

Wright,

Chase,

Ward

2024

J Pest Sci

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Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS), Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is a non-native scale insect that has spread throughout many urban areas of the Southeast and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States following its initial detection near Dallas, Texas in 2004, severely reducing the aesthetic value and health of the popular ornamental crapemyrtle tree (Lagerstroemia spp.). We infested crapemyrtles with known numbers of CMBS to determine the minimum number of individuals required for establishment after initial arrival on plants. We also investigated how netting—implemented to understand differences in establishment when scale dispersal and predation are inhibited—influenced population growth. We determined that one female CMBS egg sac can successfully establish a new population ~ 92% of the time and that netting had negligible effects on establishment. Our results underscore the importance of surveying and managing CMBS and scale insects with similar biology when attempting to prevent infestation of nursery stock, which is widely implicated as a vector for long-distance dispersal of scale insects.

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Oystershell scale: an emerging invasive threat to aspen in the southwestern US

Cited by 13 publications

References 74 publications

Rocky Mountain forests are poised to recover following bark beetle outbreaks but with altered composition

Rocky Mountain forests are poised to recover following bark beetle outbreaks but with altered composition

Remote sensing of cytotype and its consequences for canopy damage in quaking aspen

Plant-level establishment can result from a single female Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae propagule

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