Ozone and sulphur dioxide effects on the lilac powdery mildew fungus

Hibben, C. R.; Taylor, Margery Poole

doi:10.1016/0013-9327(75)90124-x

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Conidial germination and the appressorium phase of a mildew fungus (Mierosphaera alni [Wallr.] Winter) were the stages most sensitive to SOj (Hibben & Taylor, 1975), but spores of most fungi tested by Heagle (1973) were unaffected by massive doses of SO.^. All species tested here were significantly inhibited by environmentally realistic concentrations of SOg^", with low pH increasing the inhibitory effect of SO'^^" (effectively HSO3") on germinating fungal spores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

et al. 1996

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The relative sensitivities of Mycena galopus (Pers.) Kummer, Phoma exigua (Desm.), Cladosporitim dadosporioides (Fres.) de Vries .and Aureobasidium puUulans (de Bary) Arnaud to low concentrations (12-5-lOO'O/JM) of sulphite (SO/") when growing on decomposing needles of Picea sitchensis (Bongard) Carriere (Sitka spruce) and Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) were assessed. Carbon dioxide evolution from the decomposing needles was strongly inhibited by SO^"' at pH 3'0-4-5. P. exigua was the most sensitive of the species tested in the mycelial state, and C. dadosporioides was the most sensitive species tested as spores. Mycelium was consistently less sensitive than spores. The inhibitory effect of SO^^" on COj e\'olution was increased by increasing the SO^^" concentration or decreasing the pH. The concentrations shown to exert toxicity were similar to those which have been measured in rainfall in the UK, and the results provide evidence that SO.,'^" can be toxic to litter fungi at environmentally realistic concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

et al. 1996

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“…Colonies of some fungi grow abnormally when continuously exposed to ozone (15). Laboratory studies have shown that with some fungi, life cycle stages such as sporulation or spore survival are more sensitive to atmospheric pollutants than the mycelial growth stage is (2,16,30). Ozone could have significant effects on members of the phyllosphere community if an ozone-sensitive stage of the fungus is active during the so-called smog season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although diversity of phyllosphere fungi may not be greatly affected by exposure to 03, individual fungal species which are highly sensitive or resistant to pollutants could significantly alter ecosystem functioning. The fungal antagonist Hyalodendron album was more sensitive to 03 and SO2 than the lilac powdery mildew fungus Microsphaera alni was (16). While the effectiveness of biocontrol with H. album was not rigorously demonstrated, this example illustrates the potential loss of biological control due to the differential sensitivity to pollutants of two fungal species of the phyllosphere community.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…Phylloplane microorganisms come into contact with a variety of gaseous and particulate air pollutants which may be deposited in a wet or dry state. Disruption of phylloplane microbial communities by air pollutants could have a negative impact on naturally occurring biological control if pathogens are less sensitive to air pollutants than antagonists (16). Many studies have shown that exposure of plants to 03 or SO2 can alter the development of biotic disease (12,13,18,20,21,35,39).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide on Phyllosphere Fungi from Three Tree Species

Fenn

Dunn

Durall

1989

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Short-term effects of ozone (03) on phyllosphere fungi were studied by examining fungal populations from leaves of giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) Buchholz) and California black oak (Quercus kelloggii Newb.). Chronic effects of both 03 and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were studied by isolating fungi from leaves of mature Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis L.) trees. In this chronic-exposure experiment, mature orange trees were fumigated in open-top chambers at the University of California, Riverside, for 4 years with filtered air, ambient air plus filtered air (1:1), ambient air, or filtered air plus SO2 at 9.3 parts per hundred million. Populations of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries, two of the four most common fungi isolated from orange leaves, were significantly reduced by chronic exposure to ambient air. In the short-term experiments, seedlings of giant sequoia or California black oak were fumigated in open-top chambers in Sequoia National Park for 9 to 11 weeks with filtered air, ambient air, or ambient air PlUS 03. These short-term fumigations did not significantly affect the numbers of phyllosphere fungi. Exposure of Valencia orange trees to SO2 at 9.3 parts per hundred million for 4 years reduced the number of phyllosphere fungi isolated by 75% compared with the number from the filtered-air treatment and reduced the Simpson diversity index value from 3.3 to 2.5. A significant chamber effect was evident since leaves of giant sequoia and California black oak located outside of chambers had more phyllosphere fungi than did seedlings within chambers. Results suggest that chronic exposure to ambient ozone or SO2 in polluted areas can affect phyllosphere fungal communities, while short-term exposures may not significantly disturb phyllosphere fungi.

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“…The alteration of leaf surface by microbial population isexplained by a group of researchers [2,15,16,]. Interaction with the air contaminants can causes direct effect on the biological control of leaf pathogen, when antagonist is very much sensitive with the contaminants [17]. Chronic exposure of SO 2 in polluted areas causes loss of phyllosphere fungi and in short term exposure no significant loss was observed by studies [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Phyllosphere Microbial Population of Some Common Road Trees In Relation To Dust Deposition – A Case Study in Kolkata, India

Chaudhuri¹

2017

IOSR JESTFT

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Ozone and sulphur dioxide effects on the lilac powdery mildew fungus

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide on Phyllosphere Fungi from Three Tree Species

Responses of Phyllosphere Microbial Population of Some Common Road Trees In Relation To Dust Deposition – A Case Study in Kolkata, India

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Ozone and sulphur dioxide effects on the lilac powdery mildew fungus

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Sulphite and pH effects on CO2 evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

Sulphite and pH effects on CO2 evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide on Phyllosphere Fungi from Three Tree Species

Responses of Phyllosphere Microbial Population of Some Common Road Trees In Relation To Dust Deposition – A Case Study in Kolkata, India

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Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles

Sulphite and pH effects on CO₂ evolution by fungi growing on decomposing coniferous needles