Ozone-induced Loss of Intracellular Potassium Ion from <i>Chlorella sorokiniana</i>

Chimiklis, Phrosene E.; Heath, Robert L.

doi:10.1104/pp.56.6.723

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A reduction or even a deficiency of foliar nutrients could occur if the magnitude of nutrient loss from the apoplast restricted nutrient availability to the symplast or if leaching affected the symplast nutrient pools (Turner & van Broekhuizen, 1992). Although it has been shown that O3 can disrupt cell membranes and lead to an efflux of Kf rom isolated cells (Chimiklis & Heath, 1975) only limited evidence from chamber and laboratorv studies suggests that acidic precipitation in combination with O3 promotes leaching from conifer foliage or reduces foliar nutrient contents (Simmons & Kelly, 1989;Westman & Temple, 1989). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needle chlorosis in Sitka spruce following a three‐year exposure to low concentrations of ozone: changes in mineral content, pigmentation and ascorbic acid

1993

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S LI M M .A R YTwo-year-old seedlings of Sitka spruce were e.xposed to 70 nl 1 ' ozone or to filtered air over three successive summers in outdoor large-scale fumigation chambers (Solardomes). Seven months after the last period of exposure to the pollutant and just prior to hudhurst, upper-surface chlorisis affecting only the older needles of ozone-exposed trees was observed. In many respects, the symptoms appeared to be similar to those characteristic of type 1 spruce damage occurring in parts of mainland Europe. Chlorophyll pigments were reduced in the ozoneexposed older foliage, but no change in the ratio of chlorophylls to carotene was observed. The content of ascorbic acid was clearly related to the amount of foliar damage observed on the trees exposed to ozone and the largest increases were seen in those trees which were most visibly damaged. Although none of the foliage examined was deficient in any of the nutrient cations which were measured, the concentration of Mg in the older needles was significantly reduced by exposure to ozone, irrespective of damage symptoms. Exposure to ozone also resulted in increases in the ratios of K:Mg and Ca:Mg. In the older needles, leaching of Mg-" and K* by 05 mM H.^SO4, pH 3-0, was enhanced by prior exposure to ozone, but the amounts removed were small ( < 6 ""). It is suggested that long-term exposure to ozone has a cumulative effect on plant tissue and that the observed chlorosis was the result of accelerated senescence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needle chlorosis in Sitka spruce following a three‐year exposure to low concentrations of ozone: changes in mineral content, pigmentation and ascorbic acid

1993

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“…Drought was associated with a decrease of potassium in the guard cells. Other studies also found that drought stress caused the closing of stomata (Hsiao 1973;Chimiklis and Heath 1975;Turner and Jones 1980;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Numerous studies show the effect of ozone on the membrane permeability of ions (Evans and Ting 1973;Chimiklis and Heath 1975;Heath and Frederick 1979;Heath and Castillo 1988;Fink 1991b). In the same way, when a drought stress is applied to a plant, modification of membrane pekeability is provoked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Alteration of element contents in guard cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to ozone fumigation and (or) water stress: X-ray microanalysis study

Thiec¹,

Rose²,

Garrec³

et al. 1994

Can. J. Bot.

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L~, P. 1994. Alteration of element contents in guard cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to ozone fumigation and (or) water stress: X-ray microanalysis study. Can. J. Bot. 72: [86][87][88][89][90][91][92]. Two clones of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Gerardmer clone and Istebna clone) were subjected to an ozoneenriched atmosphere. The X-ray microanalysis of elements present in the guard cells showed a decrease in potassium for the Gerardmer clone along with a larger closing of guard cells and an increase in calcium contents; for the Istebna clone, ozone did not affect these contents. When a drought stress was applied, an increase in calcium content of guard cells of the Istebna clone was also found. However, the potassium content was smaller in this case for the two clones and could well be due to stomata1 closure. When ozone and drought stress were applied together, the potassium content in the Istebna clone was not affected, but for the Gerardmer clone, ozone reduced the decrease in potassium content that occurred as drought stress developed. However, calcium (and manganese) content increased significantly when the Gerardmer clone was exposed to ozone. It seems likely that the Gerardmer clone is sensitive to ozone and when subjected to a drought stress this sensitivity is increased. For the Istebna clone, the resistance to ozone is unaffected by the drought stress treatment. The Istebna clone, however, seems sensitive to drought. These characteristic responses in the two different Norway spruce clones are probably due to genetic differences and may explain the contradictory observations in the response of the stomata during the simultaneous implementation of the complex stresses. et L O O S V E L~, P. 1994. Alteration of element contents in guard cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to ozone fumigation and (or) water stress: X-ray microanalysis study. Can. J. Bot. 72: 86-92. Deux clones de Picea abies (L.) Karst. (GCrardmer et Istebna) ont Ct C soumis i une atmosphkre enrichie en ozone. Lamicroanalyse X des ClCments presents dans les stomates a montrC une baisse des teneurs en potassium en relation avec une fermeture plus importante des stomates et une augmentation en calcium, ceci pour le clone GCrardmer; pour le clone Istebna, I'ozone n'affecte pas les teneurs de ces deux ClCments. Lorsqu'un stress hydrique est appliquC, une augmentation des teneurs en calcium dans les stomates du clone Istebna est enregistrke mais les teneurs en potassium sont plus faibles pour les deux clones dans ces conditions en relation avec une fermeture des stomates. Lorsque les deux traitements, ozone et stress hydrique sont appliquCs simultantment, les teneurs en potassium n'holuent pas par rapport au traitement stress hydrique pour le clone Istebna, mais pour le clone Gerardmer, I'ozone rtduit la baisse en potassium qui se produit lors du stress hydrique. Par contre les teneurs en calcium (et manganbse) augmentent considCrablement pour le clone GCrardmer par rapport au traitement ozone.Le clone GCrard...

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“…It is known that ozone fumigation causes a change in K + transport (Chimiklis and Heath 1975), resulting in dehydration of leaves prior to membrane destruction (Sakaki et al 1983). In contrast, ion leakage, as in the case of WHITE leaves, possibly occurred as a result of non-selective solute leakage from the cells, due to severe destruction of the cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physiological and morphological study on the injury caused by exposure to the air pollutant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), based on the quantitative assessment of the injury

Oka

Tagami

Oohashi³

et al. 2004

Journal of Plant Research

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A method for the numerical assessment of the foliar injury caused by the photochemical oxidant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), was devised, using three injury indices: fresh weight (FW) loss, decreased photosynthetic pigment content, and increased ion leakage, which can be measured using the same leaves. The injury indices clearly indicated a larger number of PAN-sensitive leaves and a more severe level of injury in the PAN-sensitive variety of Petunia hybrida, White Champion (WHITE), compared to the PAN-tolerant variety, Blue Champion (BLUE). FW and photosynthetic pigment content decreased correlatively in both varieties, but ion leakage increased only in WHITE. Morphological observations revealed that ion leakage started concurrently with the start of plasmolysis-like symptoms at the mesophyll cells of injured WHITE leaves, whereas FW loss corresponded to the shrinkage of cells without loss of their round shape in BLUE leaves. PAN injuries measured by the injury indices were markedly increased in the presence of light, and the morphological changes following PAN exposure were similar to those caused by the superoxide-generating chemical, paraquat. The results suggested that PAN injuries indicated by the three injury indices are all light-dependent, but are caused through several independent mechanisms.

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Ozone-induced Loss of Intracellular Potassium Ion from Chlorella sorokiniana

Abstract: The unicellular algae Chlorella sorokiniana was

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Needle chlorosis in Sitka spruce following a three‐year exposure to low concentrations of ozone: changes in mineral content, pigmentation and ascorbic acid

Needle chlorosis in Sitka spruce following a three‐year exposure to low concentrations of ozone: changes in mineral content, pigmentation and ascorbic acid

Alteration of element contents in guard cells of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to ozone fumigation and (or) water stress: X-ray microanalysis study

A physiological and morphological study on the injury caused by exposure to the air pollutant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), based on the quantitative assessment of the injury

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