Ozone pollution in the west China rain zone and its adjacent regions, Southwestern China: Concentrations, ecological risk, and Sources

Cao, Yuanfei; Qiao, Xue; Hopke, Philip K.; Ying, Qi; Zhang, Yueying; Zeng, Yuan; Yuan, Yanping; Ya, Tang

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127008

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In China, W126 of April–September calculated by 243 observation stations increased by 16.3% annually from 2013 to 2019 (Lu et al., 2020) and monthly averaged W126 of 1,497 stations exceeded the standard level (7–21 ppm‐h) by 1.2 times for 2015–2016 (Li et al., 2018). The observed W126 were 17.1–54.2 ppm‐h in Sichuan Basin cities (Cao et al., 2020) in 2018 and 29.0 ppm‐h in Yancheng (Wang et al., 2020) in 2019, which all far exceeded the minimum of US standard level (7 ppm‐h). The W126 from April to September for 2018−2020 reduced by 28.6%, 9.8%, 6.7% and 23.1%, respectively, in Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu‐Chongqing and Fen Wei Plain because of the reduction of ozone for Three‐year Action Plan on ozone pollution (Zhao et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Xu,

Mao,

Liao

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Ozone concentrations in China are increasing in recent years and future changes of ozone and their impacts have attracted much attention. We use global chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem) to simulate the surface ozone concentrations in China in 2020 and 2050 under four Shared Socio‐economic Pathways and evaluate the impacts of future ozone pollution on vegetation and premature mortality in four polluted regions (Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, BTH; Yangtze River Delta, YRD; Pearl River Delta, PRD; Sichuan Basin, SCB) and three major crop growing areas (Huang–Huai–Hai, HHH; Northeast Plain, NEP; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, MLRY) in China. The changes of simulated seasonal maximum daily 8‐hr average (MDA8) ozone from 2020 to 2050 (−15.5 to +11.9 ppbv) are significant under SSP126 (low forcing pathway) and SSP245 (medium forcing pathway) scenarios in all regions due to large changes of emissions. MDA8 ozone in summer 2050 will be above the WHO guidelines (100 μg/m3) in BTH, YRD, HHH and MLRY under four scenarios. By 2050, W126 (vegetative ozone exposure index) in summer will be much above the maximum of US secondary standard (21 ppm‐h) in HHH under SSP245, SSP370 (medium to high forcing pathway) and SSP585 (high forcing pathway) scenarios, and in MLRY under SSP370 and SSP585 scenarios. Annual ozone‐related deaths for people over 30 years old will mainly decrease in four polluted areas from 2020 to 2050 under SSPs scenarios, but only increase much under SSP245 scenario in BTH (+3.1 to +4.2 thousand) and YRD (+1.1 to +1.6 thousand).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Xu,

Mao,

Liao

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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“…It further explains that the eastern and western parts of the Sichuan Basin also have higher LIG and GDP, resulting in excessive demand for water in highly urbanized areas. At the same time, the altitude of surrounding areas leads to changes in precipitation, average temperature, and vegetation coverage, thus affecting WY services in external areas (Cao et al, 2020). To sum up, the Sichuan Basin River basin, which is composed of eastern Sichuan Ridge Valley, central Sichuan hilly area, and Chengdu Plain Lake area, has an uneven water production service space due to its special topography and spatial distribution of precipitation.…”

Section: Quantitative Attribution Of the Driving Factors Of Ecosystem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Ecosystem Services and Exploring the Spatial Differentiation of Driving Factors: a Case Study of Sichuan Basin, China

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Exploring the factors that drive the change of ecosystem services (ES) is very important for maintaining ES function and zoning ecological management, especially in the Sichuan Basin area with high spatial heterogeneity such as natural and socio-economic characteristics. Taking the Sichuan Basin in China as an example, the PCA-MGWR model was constructed to explore the temporal and spatial patterns of ES in the Sichuan Basin from 2000 to 2015. The potential driving factors including anthropogenic factors, geomorphological factors, climate factors, and vegetation factors would be analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). To illustrate the impact of spatial dependence in the data, the multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) technology was selected to explore the spatial differentiation of the impact of these four dimensions on ES to reflect the local differences of ecosystem service driving mechanisms in more detail. The results showed that 1) from the perspective of time series evolution, carbon storage (CS) and soil conservation (SC) in ES in the Sichuan Basin showed an upward trend, while water yield (WY) showed a downward trend; from the perspective of spatial patterns, except the main urban areas of Chengdu and Chongqing, the CS service level of other regions was high; The spatial distribution characteristics of SC services were “low in the middle and high in the periphery”; the high value area of WY service was located in Northeast Sichuan. 2) Among natural factors, elevation (DEM), slope (SLO), NDVI, annual average temperature (TEM), and annual average precipitation (PRE) had a higher contribution rate to ES, while among socio-economic factors, GDP density (GDP), night light (LIG), and population density (POP) had a higher contribution rate to ES, while other factors had a lower contribution rate. 3) Combined with the PCA-MGWR model, we analyzed the comprehensive response and spatial differentiation of driving factors to ES in the Sichuan Basin and explained in detail the influence of anthropogenic factors, geomorphological factors, climatic factors, and vegetation factors and their spatial heterogeneity in ES. It is expected that the spatial differences in the impact degree of different indicators can be considered when formulating the countermeasures of ES in the Sichuan Basin, to provide theoretical support for the implementation of regional ecological management and control.

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“…To deeply understand the O 3 pollution in China, a large number of researchers have conducted extensive investigations on O 3 pollution levels, spatial and temporal patterns, trends, exposure risks, and drivers in China from different spatial and temporal scales over the past decade ( 8 – 10 ). For example, Gong et al ( 11 ) revealed the dominant meteorological controls on surface O 3 pollution in 16 Chinese cities from 2014 to 2016 using a generalized additive model (GAM); Cao et al ( 12 ) studied the spatial and temporal patterns of O 3 pollution and ecological risks in the rainfed area of West China, Southwest China, based on ground-based data. Zhan et al ( 2 ) estimated the health risk due to O 3 pollution in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region between 2015 and 2019 based on the exposure-response function, and their results showed that the population of premature respiratory deaths due to O 3 pollution was 5,889 cases per year from 2015 to 2019, and found that the population of premature deaths was extremely sensitive to O 3 pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface ozone pollution in China: Trends, exposure risks, and drivers

Wu²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionWithin the context of the yearly improvement of particulate matter (PM) pollution in Chinese cities, Surface ozone (O3) concentrations are increasing instead of decreasing and are becoming the second most important air pollutant after PM. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of O3 can have adverse effects on human health. In-depth investigation of the spatiotemporal patterns, exposure risks, and drivers of O3 is relevant for assessing the future health burden of O3 pollution and implementing air pollution control policies in China.MethodsBased on high-resolution O3 concentration reanalysis data, we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns, population exposure risks, and dominant drivers of O3 pollution in China from 2013 to 2018 utilizing trend analysis methods, spatial clustering models, exposure-response functions, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression models (MGWR).ResultsThe results show that the annual average O3 concentration in China increased significantly at a rate of 1.84 μg/m3/year from 2013 to 2018 (160 μg/m3) in China increased from 1.2% in 2013 to 28.9% in 2018, and over 20,000 people suffered premature death from respiratory diseases attributed to O3 exposure each year. Thus, the sustained increase in O3 concentrations in China is an important factor contributing to the increasing threat to human health. Furthermore, the results of spatial regression models indicate that population, the share of secondary industry in GDP, NOx emissions, temperature, average wind speed, and relative humidity are important determinants of O3 concentration variation and significant spatial differences are observed.DiscussionThe spatial differences of drivers result in the spatial heterogeneity of O3 concentration and exposure risks in China. Therefore, the O3 control policies adapted to various regions should be formulated in the future O3 regulation process in China.

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Ozone pollution in the west China rain zone and its adjacent regions, Southwestern China: Concentrations, ecological risk, and Sources

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways

Quantifying the Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Ecosystem Services and Exploring the Spatial Differentiation of Driving Factors: a Case Study of Sichuan Basin, China

Surface ozone pollution in China: Trends, exposure risks, and drivers

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