P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones

Abstract

The Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks consider the vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication to provide safety and entertainment to their users. Vehicle‐to‐vehicle networks are self‐organized and self‐managed mobile networks with decentralized control, being independent of fixed infrastructures. These networks are also characterized by the high mobility of nodes (vehicles), the scarce or unbalanced traffic, and the restrictions imposed by the roads. Such characteristics imply lack of connectivity and low performance of the protocols. Many studies claim that the use of fixed infrastructure with classic routing protocols may provide connectivity and allow the use of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Meanwhile, the associated costs are too high, which make them unable most of the times. A way to overcome these problems is to deploy a reliable infrastructure that will bear the routing protocol out. This paper proposes the construction of a new routing protocol, named Priority Ad Hoc On‐demand Multipath Distance Vector (P‐AOMDV), which has the capability of acting together with a mobile backbone formed by public transport buses (MOB‐NET) and, consequently, to minimize the effects of the lack of connectivity and to improve network performance. The P‐AOMDV can discover many routes between source and destination, allowing the nodes to have a broad vision of the network, being able to take routing decisions considering metrics that are not limited to the number of hops. Simulation experiments have shown that the pair P‐AOMDV/MOB‐NET can improve metrics like packet delivery ratio (PDR) and active route ratio (ARR) and, at the same time, minimize problems due to route breakage and route unavailability.

HyphaNet: um algoritmo de roteamento bioinspirado em colônia de fungos para redes móveis ad hoc

“…São redes oportunistas, tolerantes a atrasos/desconexões [5]; 3) VANETs (Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks). São redes veiculares, o grau de mobilidade é elevado [6], [7]; 4) WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks). Redes para detecção de eventos de interesse, a energia é um recurso escasso, baixa mobilidade [8]; 5) FANETs (Flying Ad Hoc Networks).…”

Routing using reinforcement learning in vehicular ad hoc networks

“…This method introduced a short search time of to query resources in one hop and seeks resources in more than one hop. Alves Junior and Wille proposed priority ad hoc on‐demand multipath distance vector that acts with mobile backbone and minimizes the lack of connectivity effects and improves the network performance. Pisa et al proposes a VAIMA management algorithm that considers V2V communications and information provided by vehicle in terms of better fairness behavior and waiting time reduction.…”

“…It is assumed that as the density of vehicles increases, traffic congestion increases with reduced average velocity. This tends to increase the probability of collisions between the vehicles …”

IC_AOMDV: Um protocolo de roteamento capaz de melhorar a conectividade e o desempenho das VANETs

“…Quando esta comunicação é realizada de forma dinâmica, sem o intermédio de uma estrutura centralizadora, ela é conhecida como V2V (Vehicule-to-Vehicle). As VANETs fazem parte dos Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte (ITS) e devem ser capazes de prover segurança e entretenimento aos motoristas e passageiros [1], [2].…”

“…Os nós de tais redes se comunicam uns com os outros por meio de sinais de radiofrequência. Como o alcance dos sinais de rádio é limitado, cada nó só pode se comunicar diretamente com veículos que estiverem dentro do raio de transmissão de seus sinais [1]. Entretanto, pode existir a necessidade de um veículo transmitir informações para outros veículos que estão além do seu raio de transmissão.…”