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The Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks consider the vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication to provide safety and entertainment to their users. Vehicle‐to‐vehicle networks are self‐organized and self‐managed mobile networks with decentralized control, being independent of fixed infrastructures. These networks are also characterized by the high mobility of nodes (vehicles), the scarce or unbalanced traffic, and the restrictions imposed by the roads. Such characteristics imply lack of connectivity and low performance of the protocols. Many studies claim that the use of fixed infrastructure with classic routing protocols may provide connectivity and allow the use of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Meanwhile, the associated costs are too high, which make them unable most of the times. A way to overcome these problems is to deploy a reliable infrastructure that will bear the routing protocol out. This paper proposes the construction of a new routing protocol, named Priority Ad Hoc On‐demand Multipath Distance Vector (P‐AOMDV), which has the capability of acting together with a mobile backbone formed by public transport buses (MOB‐NET) and, consequently, to minimize the effects of the lack of connectivity and to improve network performance. The P‐AOMDV can discover many routes between source and destination, allowing the nodes to have a broad vision of the network, being able to take routing decisions considering metrics that are not limited to the number of hops. Simulation experiments have shown that the pair P‐AOMDV/MOB‐NET can improve metrics like packet delivery ratio (PDR) and active route ratio (ARR) and, at the same time, minimize problems due to route breakage and route unavailability.

The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) for intelligent transportation systems is an emerging concept to improve transportation security, reliability, and management. The network behavior can be totally different in topological aspects because of the mobility of vehicular nodes. The topology can be fully connected when the flow of vehicles is high and may have low connectivity or be invalid when the flow of vehicles is low or unbalanced. In big cities, the metropolitan buses that travel on exclusive lanes may be used to set up a metropolitan vehicular data network (backbone), raising the connectivity among the vehicles. Therefore, this paper proposes the implementation of a living mobile backbone, totally ad hoc (MOB-NET), which will provide infrastructure and raise the network connectivity. In order to show the viability of MOB-NET, statistical analyses were made with real data of express buses that travel through exclusive lanes, besides evaluations through simulations and analytic models. The statistic, analytic, and simulation results prove that the buses that travel through exclusive lanes can be used to build a communication network totally ad hoc and provide connectivity in more than 99% of the time, besides raising the delivery rate up to 95%.

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