P2-431 Marital status and risk of HIV infection in informal urban settlements of Nairobi, Kenya: results from a cross-sectional survey

Abstract

Conclusions Significant numbers of children have a low or critically decreased body fat mass. This problem is very vital and has to be evaluated as a highly dangerous risk factor for health and prospective life quality of the children. It is recommended to use FMI when analysing changes in body mass. Hyperdiagnosics of adiposity occurs when BMI is used. Introduction Case series suggest pregnant women are at increased risk of contracting H1N1 and experiencing complications. Published studies to date have investigated symptomatic patients or ascertained serology cross-sectionally. Such studies do not allow accurate quantification of incidence and neglect mild disease when estimating complication rates. We investigated H1N1 incidence and rate of complications in unvaccinated women in Scotland during the winter 2009/10 pandemic. Method We recruited 417 unvaccinated pregnant women who attended hospitals in NHS Lothian in Dec 2009-April 2010. Participants completed a research nurse-administered questionnaire, had venous blood taken and clinical outcomes were extracted from hospital records. Booking blood samples (collected routinely at 10e14 weeks gestation) were retrieved for each participant to allow testing of paired blood samples using the microneutralisation assay. Evidence of infection during pregnancy was defined as a 10-fold increased in H1N1 antibody titre between booking and delivery. Results Seroconversion between booking and delivery occurred in 10.5% (95% CI 7.1% to 13.9%) with 19 of 32 unaware of acquiring infection. Self-reporting flu symptoms and asthma (but no other chronic conditions) were statistically significant predictors of infection. No significant differences were found in rates of maternal or neonatal hospital admission, critical care admission, birth weight or adverse events between those infected and uninfected. Conclusion In Scotland where estimated coverage of H1N1 vaccination in pregnancy was 47.6%, relatively few unvaccinated pregnant women experienced H1N1 infection with many infected experiencing minimal symptoms. No increased risk of adverse events was detected but we have low power for this analysis. P2-428

A Case of TASO Tororo Surge Strategy: Using Double Layered Screening to Increase the Rate of Identification of New HIV Positive Clients in the Community

“…And the HIV test yield significantly increased within each category of marital status, with the highest yield being among the divorced/separated individuals, followed closely by those widowed and maarried (table 2). This finding is similar to that of Legisso TZ and Erango Ma in Ethiopia where they found that divorced and married individuals were 3.033 and 1.031 times respectively, more likely to be HIV positive as compared to single individuals [8], and Kimani J et al in Kenya where they found that those who were divorced/separated/widowed were 4.06times and those married were 1.78 times more likely to be HIV positive than those never married [9]. Similar findings were observed by Adeniyi et al who identified being formerly married (divorced/separated/widowed) as a risk factor to HIV infection compared to being currently married or never married [10] and Adebayo SB et al who showed that HIV prevalence of women that were formerly married (divorced/separated/widowed) were more than double that of those who were currently married/cohabiting with a sexual partner; and more than three times those that were never married [11].…”

Characteristics of HIV Co-Infected Patients among Tuberculosis Patients Accessing Care at a DOTS Clinic in South-Eastern Nigeria

“…This was statistically significant. This is surprising because it has been demonstrated that single people are more likely to contract HIV than married people [23]. However this may be because there are more female HIV positive patients in this study and married women in Nigeria have less bargaining power in sexual issues, hence are prone to contracting HIV.…”

Does marital status matter in an HIV hyperendemic country? Findings from the 2012 South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey

“…High rates of male infidelity in marriage have been found in Southern Africa, which can lead to high levels of sero-discordancy (Shandera, 2007; Chemaitelly et al, 2012; Dunkle et al, 2008; De Walque, 2007). Kimani and colleagues (2013) found that HIV prevalence was higher for married respondents than unmarried respondents in urban informal settlements in Kenya. Furthermore, HIV prevalence has been found higher for young married women compared to young unmarried women (Glynn et al, 2001; Kelly et al, 2003), which suggests that HIV could have been contracted during marriage.…”