P300-based Stroop study with low probability and target Stroop oddballs: The evidence still favors the response selection hypothesis

Rosenfeld, J. Peter; Skogsberg, KatieAnn

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.05.010

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In this respect, the results of the present study are consistent with those of previous studies in which Stroop colour response tasks for incongruent and congruent (or neutral) stimuli were used (Atkinson et al, 2003;Duncan-Johnson andKopell, 1980, 1981;Grapperon et al, 1998;Ilan and Polich, 1999;Lavoie, 1999;Rosenfeld and Skogsberg, 2006;West and Alain, 2000a). It has been suggested (Atkinson et al, 2003;Duncan-Johnson and Kopell, 1981;Ilan and Polich, 1999;Lavoie, 1999;Rosenfeld and Skogsberg, 2006) that the lack of any differences in the latencies of this component rules out any possible influence of stages prior to the elaboration of responses in the generation of the Stroop effect. This argument is based on the fact that the latency of P3b was initially considered as an index of the stimulus evaluation time that is independent of the response processes (Donchin, 1981;Kutas et al, 1977).…”

Section: First P3 and P3bsupporting

confidence: 91%

Event-Related Potentials with the Stroop colour-word task: Timing of semantic conflict

Zurrón

Pouso

Lindı́n

et al. 2009

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: First P3 and P3bsupporting

confidence: 91%

Event-Related Potentials with the Stroop colour-word task: Timing of semantic conflict

Zurrón

Pouso

Lindı́n

et al. 2009

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…This component, often referred to as the N450, here termed the N INC , is thought to index incongruency-related interactions that occur at a rather late point in the cortical processing hierarchy, following initial stimulus evaluation. In fact, several ERP studies have shown that Stroop incongruency has little effect on the amplitude or latency of the common P300 component, which is sensitive to the probability and task relevance of an eliciting stimulus (Duncan-Johnson & Kopell, 1981; Ilan & Polich, 1999; Rosenfeld & Skogsberg, 2006). Similarly, modulations akin to the P300 do not appear to be present in the current tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O. Glaser & Glaser, 1982; W. R. Glaser & Dungelhoff, 1984; Larson, et al, 2009; Logan & Zbrodoff, 1979; Rosenfeld & Skogsberg, 2006; Schmidt & Besner, 2008; Taylor, 1977; Tzelgov, et al, 1992), but also the amplitude of ERP responses to these stimuli (West & Alain, 2000), suggesting that macroscopic control can be experimentally manipulated and measured in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Allocation of Attention Reduces Temporally Predictable Stimulus Conflict

Appelbaum¹,

Boehler

Won³

et al. 2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Humans are able to continuously monitor environmental situations and adjust their behavioral strategies to optimize performance. Here we investigate the behavioral and brain adjustments that occur when conflicting stimulus elements are, or are not, temporally predictable. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were collected while manual-response variants of the Stroop task were performed in which the stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) between the relevant-color and irrelevant-word stimulus components were either randomly intermixed, or held constant, within each experimental run. Results indicated that the size of both the neural and behavioral effects of stimulus incongruency varied with the temporal arrangement of the stimulus components, such that the random-SOA arrangements produced the greatest incongruency effects at the earliest irrelevant-first SOA (−200 ms) and the constant-SOA arrangements produced the greatest effects with simultaneous presentation. These differences in conflict processing were accompanied by rapid (~150 ms) modulations of the sensory ERPs to the irrelevant distracter components when they occurred consistently first. These effects suggest that individuals are able to strategically allocate attention in time to mitigate the influence of a temporally predictable distracter. As these adjustments are instantiated by the subjects without instruction, they reveal a form of rapid strategic learning for dealing with temporally predictable stimulus incongruency.

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“…Early ERP studies of Stroop interference focused on the P300 –a component found to vary in latency with stimulus evaluation, but not response selection (Kutas et al, 1977; for a review of the P300, see Polich, 2007). Since the P300 latency is insensitive to color congruence on the Stroop task, the Stroop effect must occur later in processing, that is at response selection (Duncan-Johnson and Kopell, 1981; Ilan and Polich, 1999; Rosenfeld and Skogsberg, 2006; however Lansbergen and Kenemans, 2008, found modulation of P300 with low probability of Stroop trials).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of the Bilingual Stroop Effect

Naylor¹,

Stanley²,

Wicha³

2012

Front. Psychology

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The color word Stroop effect in bilinguals is commonly half the magnitude when the written and naming languages are different (between) than when they are the same (within). This between-within language Stroop difference (BWLS) is likened to a response set effect, with greater response conflict for response relevant than irrelevant words. The nature of the BWLS was examined using a bilingual Stroop task. In a given block (Experiment 1), color congruent and incongruent words appeared in the naming language or not (single), or randomly in both languages (mixed). The BWLS effect was present for both balanced and unbalanced bilinguals, but only partially supported a response set explanation. As expected, color incongruent trials during single language blocks, lead to slower response times within than between languages. However, color congruent trials during mixed language blocks led to slower times between than within languages, indicating that response-irrelevant stimuli interfered with processing. In Experiment 2, to investigate the neural timing of the BWLS effect, event related potentials were recorded while balanced bilinguals named silently within and between languages. Replicating monolingual findings, an N450 effect was observed with larger negative amplitude for color incongruent than congruent trials (350–550 ms post-stimulus onset). This effect was equivalent within and between languages, indicating that color words from both languages created response conflict, contrary to a strict response set effect. A sustained negativity (SN) followed with larger amplitude for color incongruent than congruent trials, resolving earlier for between than within language Stroop. This effect shared timing (550–700 ms), but not morphology or scalp distribution with the commonly reported sustained potential. Finally, larger negative amplitude (200–350 ms) was observed between than within languages independent of color congruence. This negativity, likened to a no-go N2, may reflect processes of inhibitory control that facilitate the resolution of conflict at the SN, while the N450 reflects parallel processing of distracter words, independent of response set (or language). In sum, the BWLS reflects brain activity over time with contributions from language and color conflict at different points.

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P300-based Stroop study with low probability and target Stroop oddballs: The evidence still favors the response selection hypothesis

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Event-Related Potentials with the Stroop colour-word task: Timing of semantic conflict

Event-Related Potentials with the Stroop colour-word task: Timing of semantic conflict

Strategic Allocation of Attention Reduces Temporally Predictable Stimulus Conflict

Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of the Bilingual Stroop Effect

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