A retrospective observational continuous cohort study includes an analysis of diseases that caused the onset of primary disability in 174 children of “SChCl No.3” and diseases that caused the onset of disability in 1690 children with disabilities in 2019-2021. A comparative analysis was carried out: the main dysfunctions in the state of health of children with disabilities and the leading limitations of life in the state of health of children with disabilities. (The control groups consisted of 231 children of “SChCl No.3” who received a disability for the first time and 1611 patients who were disabled in 2011-2018).