P50 sensory gating in adolescents from a pacific island isolate with elevated risk for schizophrenia

Myles-Worsley, Marina; Ord, Lisa M.; Blailes, Francisca; Ngiralmau, Hilda; Freedman, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.006

Cited by 77 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Together, these results support the role of P50 sensory gating as a neurobiological marker for the sensory gating deficits of schizophrenia spectrum patients. This result is also consistent with a recent report by MylesWorsley et al [29], who found P50 gating deficits in a group of teens from a Pacific Island isolate who had clinical and familial risk for the disorder.…”

Section: P50 Event-related Potential Sensory Gatingsupporting

confidence: 93%

Progress in the prospective study of the schizophrenia prodrome

Fu¹,

Cadenhead

2005

Current Psychosis & Therapeutics Reports

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Further understanding of the schizophrenia spectrum has helped to define the prodrome of the illness, leading to hopes of earlier identification and intervention in susceptible, at-risk individuals. Given the heterogeneity and comorbidity observed in the clinically and demographically identified prodromal sample, it is essential that neurobiological markers that are more closely linked to brain function, and perhaps the ability to predict evolution of psychosis, be identified. Ultimately, it may be possible to identify an algorithm of risk factors that will combine clinical and demographic risk factors with vulnerability markers associated with later development of schizophrenia to better target at-risk individuals or preventative treatment.

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Section: P50 Event-related Potential Sensory Gatingsupporting

confidence: 93%

Progress in the prospective study of the schizophrenia prodrome

Fu¹,

Cadenhead

2005

Current Psychosis & Therapeutics Reports

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“…In the current study we found a significant decrease in PPI in both male and female juvenile offspring born to mothers given poly I:C. This complements previous results in rats, where a reduced PPI has been observed in juvenile and adult offspring after prenatal poly I:C exposure [84], although other studies in juvenile and adult mice found a decreased PPI only in the adults [85]. Importantly, the assumption that deficits in PPI do not emerge until adulthood has not been consistently confirmed, and human patients identified as being at risk of schizophrenia clearly show that sensorimotor gating impairments may be evident prior to the full onset of the condition [86,87]. Variation in developmental trajectories of the multiple brain regions and of the neurochemical substrates involved in regulating auditory PPI may explain the differences in the emergence of PPI deficits between species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A future direction would be to determine whether behavioural abnormalities in offspring persist, intensify or attenuate in adulthood and old age. Nonetheless, we believe our findings of behavioural abnormalities in young animals are important as groups at risks of psychosis present with behavioural deficits prior to the onset of a disease [86,87]. Therefore, this period prior to puberty may provide a unique period of time for the development of interventions or treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to the Viral Mimetic Poly I:C Alters Fetal Brain Cytokine Expression and Postnatal Behaviour

et al. 2014

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An increased incidence of mental illness disorders is found in children and adolescents born to mothers who experienced an infection-based illness during pregnancy. Animal models to study the prenatal origin of such outcomes of pregnancy have largely used conventional rodents, which are immature (altricial) at birth compared with the human neonate. In this study, we used the precocial spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus), whose offspring have completed organogenesis at birth, and administered a single subcutaneous injection of a 5 mg/kg dose of the viral mimetic poly I:C (polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid) at mid gestation (20 days; term is 39 days). Prenatal exposure to poly I:C caused a transient weight loss in the pregnant dam, produced a downregulation of the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α in the fetal brain, and resulted in abnormalities in sensorimotor gating and reduced social interaction, memory and learning in juvenile offspring. No changes in exploratory activity or anxiety and fear behaviours were found between the treatment groups. This study provides evidence that, in a rodent model that more closely resembles human brain development, prenatal infection can lead to behavioural abnormalities in postnatal life.

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“…The program in Australia inspired the development of prodromal schizophrenia programs worldwide that have used prospective study designs to identify individuals in the prodromal stage of schizophrenia [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Many of the programs have been set up with public health and education services in mind, with the aim of reducing the incidence of schizophrenia in those communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does studying schizotypal personality disorder inform us about the prodrome of schizophrenia?

Seeber

Cadenhead

2005

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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An increasing emphasis in the schizophrenia literature has been on the prodromal phase of the illness. The study of schizophrenia spectrum illness, including schizotypal personality disorder, has added important insight into the etiology, neuropathology, and treatment of schizophrenia, which can facilitate early identification, intervention, and perhaps prevention of the illness. The heterogeneity of the schizophrenia spectrum makes its definition elusive at best. The primary aim of the Cognitive Assessment and Risk Evaluation Program at the authors' institution is to combine the current knowledge of clinical and demographic risk factors for schizophrenia with the rapidly emerging data on vulnerability markers, or endophenotypes, that are associated with schizophrenia. The use of brain-based vulnerability markers may help to identify neurobiologically and clinically meaningful subgroups within this heterogeneous population of individuals in the early stages of schizophrenia. Another important aim of the Cognitive Assessment and Risk Evaluation program is to thoroughly assess those individuals who have not converted to psychosis to understand potential protective factors, reduce the rate of false positives, and decrease disability. The current review details a strategy for researching the schizophrenia prodrome by using information gained from research in schizotypal personality disorder.

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P50 sensory gating in adolescents from a pacific island isolate with elevated risk for schizophrenia

Cited by 77 publications

References 21 publications

Progress in the prospective study of the schizophrenia prodrome

Progress in the prospective study of the schizophrenia prodrome

Prenatal Exposure to the Viral Mimetic Poly I:C Alters Fetal Brain Cytokine Expression and Postnatal Behaviour

How does studying schizotypal personality disorder inform us about the prodrome of schizophrenia?

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