Pacifying War Heritage: Patterns of Cosmopolitan Nationalism at a Danish Battlefield Site

Daugbjerg, Mads

doi:10.1080/13527250903072765

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Stephen Van Evera (1994, 27-30) argues that nationalistic countries engage in "self-glorifying" (justifying and glorifying past violence), "self-whitewashing" (denying the country's own misdeeds and ignoring the suffering of others), and "other-maligning" (blaming wars on other countries, denigrating them as inferior, and inflating the threat they pose). Alternatively, people might support narratives and other gestures (e.g., apologies, reparations, memorials) that show respect for (rather than denigrate) past victims (Daugbjerg 2009;Berger 2012;He 2009;Lind 2008). Toward assessing changes in Japanese national identity, then, we evaluate public opinion polls about official apologies, reparations, war memorials, and so forth.…”

Section: E a S U R I N G J A P A N E S E N A T I O N A L I D E N T I T Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Japan Back? Measuring Nationalism and Military Assertiveness in Asia's Other Great Power

Lind¹,

Ueki²

2021

J. East Asian Stud.

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Observers of East Asia frequently claim that Japanese nationalism is on the rise, and that Tokyo is abandoning its longtime military restraint. To determine whether these trends are indeed occurring, we define and measure Japan's nationalism and military assertiveness; we measure whether they are rising relative to Japan in the past, and relative to seven other countries.Drawing from social identity theory, we distinguish between “nationalism” and a more benign “patriotism.” We find in Japan (1) strong patriotism that is stable over time, and no evidence of rising nationalism. Furthermore we find that (2) military assertiveness remains generally low, but it has risen in terms of decreased institutional constraints and peacekeeping activities. Our findings have important implications for academic debates about nationalism and Japanese security policy, and for policy debates about a nascent balancing effort against China.

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Section: E a S U R I N G J A P A N E S E N A T I O N A L I D E N T I T Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Japan Back? Measuring Nationalism and Military Assertiveness in Asia's Other Great Power

Lind¹,

Ueki²

2021

J. East Asian Stud.

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“…On this account, the success of citizen-led initiatives to protect orphaned battlefields in Hong Kong and Malaysia points to the importance of public support for an unbiased and accurate representation of history along with responsible leadership by the local government. With a shared understanding and a unanimous consensus on the significance of WWII battlefields for humanity, it has been recognised that battlefields hold the potential to 'pacify' the bitter resentment that exists between former enemies that now have to reposition themselves as part of a new global order (Daugbjerg 2009;Chappell 2018).…”

Section: Wwii Transnational Heritage In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues in conserving ‘orphan heritage’ in Asia: WWII battlefield conservation in Hong Kong and Malaysia

Wang

DiMeolo

2021

Built Heritage

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Wars and conflict have existed since the beginning of time. Most battlefield conservation work is done for battlefields that lie in the borders of the nations that were involved, thus fostering citizens’ personal ties with the site and their national identities. However, some areas of the world suffer from conservation neglect because of the distance and separation between the battlefield’s location and the country to which it is relevant, thus creating a dislocated appreciation of heritage described by Price (J Confl Archaeol 1:181–196, 2005) as ‘orphan heritage’. This paper questions the extent to which post-colonial nations are willing to protect and conserve World War II battlefields on their soil. It examines two battlefields in Asia—the Gin Drinkers’ Line in Hong Kong, China, and the Green Ridge battlefield in Kampar, Malaysia—that have been the subject of campaigns to recognise their transnational heritage value. Both battles involved multinational Allied forces led by the British against Japanese troops. A combination of political and economic factors has influenced how the two battlefields are understood and appreciated by citizens and local governments in the host nations. The paper delineates how these two Asian battlegrounds, which are relatively unknown to the general public, have been brought to the public’s attention and by whom as well as how the local governments have handled the demand to safeguard the battlefields. We argue that the global nature of WWII makes its commemoration geographically challenging and politically contentious. The WWII battlefields in Asia attest to the historical authenticity of past conflicts and thus should be conserved as neutrally as possible. The successful protection of battlefields in Malaysia and Hong Kong thus far can be largely attributed to grassroots initiatives, pressure from stakeholder countries, such as the UK, and academic research whereby the significance of the battleground is made known to people in Hong Kong and Malaysia. With public support, responsible government leadership and a shared understanding of their importance as transnational heritage, WWII battlefields can help calm bitter resentment and promote reconciliation.

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“…Despite the broad shifts they chart, cosmopolitan and nationalistic portrayals are nonetheless often deeply intertwined (Macdonald and Daugbjerg 2013). For example, the reinvention of the Danish battlefield Dybbøl, as a monument to peacekeeping rather than conflict, drew upon Danes' perceptions of themselves as a cosmopolitan nation characterized by tolerance and humanitarianism (Daugbjerg 2009). In this case, as in others, the nation 'is still important because of its emotional impact and as a frame of action, although it is difficult 'to "do nation-ness" in quite the same ways in which it was formerly done' (Macdonald 2013: 215).…”

Section: Theoretical Debatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Local to Tell a Global Story: How the Peabody Essex Museum Became a World Class Museum

Levitt¹

2017

Mus. Soc.

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According to the World Bank, one out of every seven people in the world today is an internal or international, voluntary or involuntary migrant. Learning to live with diversity next door or across the globe is the challenge of the day. What role are contemporary museums playing in imparting cosmopolitan values and skills to their visitors? What helps explain how they present the nation in relation to the world? In this article, we use the case of the Peabody Essex Museum, in Salem, Massachusetts to explore these questions. In 1993, the Peabody Museum and the Essex Institute were poised to close. Despite their long histories and important collections, they were operating at the far frontier of the regional cultural map. In the ensuing years, the new PEM rewrote that cartography. By telling new global stories about very local objects, and by showcasing its global institutional roots, the museum dramatically transformed visitors' experiences. It broadened and diversified the possible messages they might take away from their visits and sought to connect them to other times and places. Excavating pieces of Salem's cultural armature enabled the PEM to display cosmopolitan ideas and to cultivate cosmopolitan skills while rescaling itself and its city in the process.

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Pacifying War Heritage: Patterns of Cosmopolitan Nationalism at a Danish Battlefield Site

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Is Japan Back? Measuring Nationalism and Military Assertiveness in Asia's Other Great Power

Is Japan Back? Measuring Nationalism and Military Assertiveness in Asia's Other Great Power

Issues in conserving ‘orphan heritage’ in Asia: WWII battlefield conservation in Hong Kong and Malaysia

Using the Local to Tell a Global Story: How the Peabody Essex Museum Became a World Class Museum

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