Packaging Solution Based on Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic Technology for Frequencies Beyond 100 GHz

Bhutani, Akanksha; Göttel, Benjamin; Lipp, Andreas; Zwick, Thomas

doi:10.1109/tcpmt.2018.2882062

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Expansion of the conducting and dielectric layers and deviations in the via fence locations contribute the most to the discrepancies. Moreover, the unwanted air gaps between the tape layers [32], [34] can lead to discrepancies. The surface roughness and bumpiness of dielectric and conductive layers can also result in discrepancies among measured and simulated results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SIW based antennas are fabricated using printed circuit board (PCB) and LTCC technology. LTCC technology is a better candidate due to its appealing properties, such as low cost and high packaging tolerance [18]- [34]. Generally, silver and gold are used as conductive materials in the LTCC structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is important in highly dense integrated applications. Multiple research projects have been carried out to realize the antenna in package using LTCC technology [18]- [34]. LTCC contains a stack-up of tape layers with no requirement of sandwiching by conductive layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability to integrate ferrite, capacitive, or resistive paste in the LTCC enhances its superiority for the packaging applications [25]. LTCC technology is a suitable candidate for applications in which miniaturization and packaging tolerances are critical [21], [34]. However, surface roughness, thermal expansion, and the inherent frequency dependency of the tape layers are among the major issues in the LTCC design [22], [33], [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Compact Cavity-Based Leaky-Wave Antenna in a Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Process With Improved Performance

et al. 2021

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An approach for improving the gain of the leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is presented in this paper. Embedding cavities in the structure leads to gain improvement. To validate the proposed method, it was implemented on a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) LWA. The proposed HMSIW LWA was realized on a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) structure to achieve a compact structure. The key novelty of the proposed antenna is the gain improvement by using embedded cavities without increasing the antenna size. Applying the novel design method results in a measured peak realized gain of 7.6 dBi. Tapering the aperture leads to about 6 dB reduction of sidelobe level (SLL) in the upper hemisphere as well. The impedance matching frequency bandwidth of the antenna ranges from 28.3 to 29 GHz that falls within the 5G mm-wave frequency bands. The length, width, and thickness of the antenna are 40 mm, 16 mm, and 1 mm, respectively. The compactness, medium gain, and low loss of the proposed antenna make it a suitable candidate for 5G wireless devices. A good agreement between the measured and simulated results is observed. INDEX TERMS antenna, cavity, compact, gain, leaky-wave.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Compact Cavity-Based Leaky-Wave Antenna in a Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Process With Improved Performance

et al. 2021

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“…The 122 GHz FMCW radar is a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) based system-in-package, which consists of a transceiver chip from Silicon Radar GmbH and a baseband module from Wellenzahl Radar- und Sensortechnik GmbH and Co. KG. This radar has been demonstrated in [17]. The antenna size of the 122 GHz FMCW radar is nearly one-fourth of that of the 60 GHz FMCW radar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Millimeter-Waves in the Distance Measurement Accuracy of an FMCW Radar Sensor

Bhutani

Marahrens

Gehringer

et al. 2019

Sensors

Self Cite

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High-accuracy, short-range distance measurement is required in a variety of industrial applications e.g., positioning of robots in a fully automated production process, level measurement of liquids in small containers. An FMCW radar sensor is suitable for this purpose, since many of these applications involve harsh environments. Due to the progress in the field of semiconductor technology, FMCW radar sensors operating in different millimeter-wave frequency bands are available today. An important question in this context, which has not been investigated so far is how does a millimeter-wave frequency band influence the sensor accuracy, when thousands of distance measurements are performed with a sensor. This topic has been dealt with for the first time in this paper. The method used for analyzing the FMCW radar signal combines a frequency- and phase-estimation algorithm. The frequency-estimation algorithm based on the fast Fourier transform and the chirp-z transform provides a coarse estimate of the target distance. Subsequently, the phase-estimation algorithm based on a cross-correlation function provides a fine estimate of the target distance. The novel aspects of this paper are as follows. First, the estimation theory concept of Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) has been used to compare the accuracy of two millimeter-wave FMCW radars operating at 60 GHz and 122 GHz. In this comparison, the measurement parameters (e.g., bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio) as well as the signal-processing algorithm used for both the radars are the same, thus ensuring an unbiased comparison of the FMCW radars, solely based on the choice of millimeter-wave frequency band. Second, the improvement in distance measurement accuracy obtained after each step of the combined frequency- and phase-estimation algorithm has been experimentally demonstrated for both the radars. A total of 5100 short-range distance measurements are made using the 60 GHz and 122 GHz FMCW radar. The measurement results are analyzed at various stages of the frequency- and phase-estimation algorithm and the measurement error is calculated using a nanometer-precision linear motor. At every stage, the mean error values measured with the 60 GHz and 122 GHz FMCW radars are compared. The final accuracy achieved using both radars is of the order of a few micrometers. The measured standard deviation values of the 60 GHz and 122 GHz FMCW radar have been compared against the CRLB. As predicted by the CRLB, this paper experimentally validates for the first time that the 122 GHz FMCW radar provides a higher repeatability of micrometer-accuracy distance measurements than the 60 GHz FMCW radar.

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Advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing of advanced ceramics: A review of strategies, techniques and equipment

Sun,

Zou,

Wang

et al. 2024

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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Packaging Solution Based on Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic Technology for Frequencies Beyond 100 GHz

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

A Compact Cavity-Based Leaky-Wave Antenna in a Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Process With Improved Performance

A Compact Cavity-Based Leaky-Wave Antenna in a Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Process With Improved Performance

The Role of Millimeter-Waves in the Distance Measurement Accuracy of an FMCW Radar Sensor

Advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing of advanced ceramics: A review of strategies, techniques and equipment

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