Packet reordering analysis for concurrent multipath transfer

Gao, Chong; Zhou, Ling; Yang, Yuan

doi:10.1002/dac.2632

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Based on RD distributions, the reorder entropy [RE] is used to measure the disorder of the receiving packets. It estimates the earliness and lateness of the received packets [21,22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packets distribution over asymmetric paths using concurrent multipath transfer

Fetoh,

Amin,

Hamad

2024

IET Networks

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Concurrent multipath transfer (CMT) is a transport layer protocol used for transferring data over multiple paths concurrently. In the case of asymmetric paths, the dissimilarity of delay, bandwidth, and loss rate among paths leads to challenges such as out‐of‐order packets, receiver buffer blocking, and throughput reduction. A framework that uses the end‐to‐end delay of paths to distribute the packets over asymmetric paths in ordering policy is proposed. The proposed framework detects network congestion in the assigned path and reduces the congestion window. Furthermore, the proposed framework predicts receiver buffer blocking and deactivates the highest delay path that causes this problem. The simulation results show that the proposed framework achieves highest throughput, lower entropy and lower average application end‐to‐end delay than the previous algorithms.

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“…Based on RD distributions, the reorder entropy [RE] is used to measure the disorder of the receiving packets. It estimates the earliness and lateness of the received packets [21,22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packets distribution over asymmetric paths using concurrent multipath transfer

Fetoh,

Amin,

Hamad

2024

IET Networks

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“…In heterogeneous network environments and application scenarios, the phenomenon of packet reordering exhibits higher complexity. These scenarios include wireless networks, mobile networks, data center networks, cloud computing environments, software-defined networks (SDN), and network function virtualization (NFV) [30]. The diverse network structures, devices, protocols, and technologies in these scenarios collectively impact the transmission order of packets.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Network Environment and Application Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the primary reasons mentioned above, factors such as path count [30], bursty traffic [34], and differentiated services handling for flows violating quality constraints can also contribute to the occurrence of packet reordering. In real network environments, these factors interact and collectively influence the transmission order of packets.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Network Environment and Application Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packet Reordering in the Era of 6G: Techniques, Challenges, and Applications

Lin¹,

Zhang²,

Gao³

et al. 2023

Electronics

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The advent of sixth-generation (6G) networks brings unmatched speed, reliability, and capacity for massive connections, making it a cornerstone for revolutionary applications. One such application is in vehicular networks, which have their unique demands and complexities. Specifically, they face the complex issue of packet reordering due to the high-speed movement of vehicles and frequent switching of network connections. This paper examines the impact and causes of packet reordering, its threats to network efficiency, and potential countermeasures, particularly in the context of 6G-enabled vehicular networks. We introduce end-to-end methods and metrics to address packet reordering in 6G, discussing the development trends and application prospects. Our findings highlight the emergence of sophisticated strategies, such as prediction and avoidance, to manage packet reordering. They also reveal potential applications to boost network reliability, emulate traffic distributions, and enhance data security. Furthermore, we anticipate a growing integration of machine learning and data-driven optimization in tackling packet reordering. The insights provided aim to influence the future design and optimization of 6G networks, particularly concerning packet management and performance. This paper aims to assist researchers and practitioners in effectively leveraging packet reordering to promote efficient and secure operations of future 6G networks.

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“…Parallel paths are the main reason for reordering [4], but also a way to improve packet rate. Eliminating parallel paths is a theoretical solution [8], but comes at the expense of decreasing maximum utilization of resources and thus efficiency [4], which is not desirable especially in the case of long-distance connections.…”

Section: Packet Reorderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the internet spatial?

Schmidtke

2018

J Reliable Intell Environ

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One of the internet's design principles is to make physical distance transparent, which has made it a motor of globalization and economic development. However, the physical world within which it operates is spatial, and reduction of actual spatial distance is a factor of high impact leveraged, e.g., in today's commercially successful content distribution networks as well as new technologies, such as edge computing. Predictable network behavior is key for reliable intelligent environments. It is therefore worthwhile to study whether and how spatial the internet actually is. We studied a small set of globally dispersed public universities on six continents, recording delays reported by the ping tool to a server in the Pacific Northwest area of the U.S. at four different times of the day (morning, noon, evening, midnight) and over both weekends and weekdays, thus retrieving more than 17,210 data points. We then determined the Pearson's correlations between distance and delay and between hop count and delay. The experiment yielded that there is an overall correlation of 0.57 (a border case strong correlation) between distance and delay and a weaker correlation of 0.4 (medium strength correlation) between hop count and delay. The results suggest that there is a physical distance effect and that this effect is stronger than the hop count effect.

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Packet reordering analysis for concurrent multipath transfer

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Packets distribution over asymmetric paths using concurrent multipath transfer

Packets distribution over asymmetric paths using concurrent multipath transfer

Packet Reordering in the Era of 6G: Techniques, Challenges, and Applications

Is the internet spatial?

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