Paddy, rice and food security in Malaysia: A review of climate change impacts

Firdaus, R. B. Radin; Tan, Mou Leong; Rahmat, Siti Rahyla; Gunaratne, Mahinda Senevi

doi:10.1080/23311886.2020.1818373

Cited by 85 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…With an ever-increasing human population, it is challenging to ensure food security for the general population. To counter the demand, rice production needs to be increased to fulfill this need [ 1 ]. However, throughout the growing season, reduction in rice yields has been detected and are caused by a variety of phytopathogens including bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens

et al. 2021

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As a major food crop, rice (Oryza sativa) is produced and consumed by nearly 90% of the population in Asia with less than 9% produced outside Asia. Hence, reports on large scale grain losses were alarming and resulted in a heightened awareness on the importance of rice plants’ health and increased interest against phytopathogens in rice. To serve this interest, this review will provide a summary on bacterial rice pathogens, which can potentially be controlled by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Additionally, this review highlights PGPB-mediated functional traits, including biocontrol of bacterial rice pathogens and enhancement of rice plant’s growth. Currently, a plethora of recent studies address the use of PGPB to combat bacterial rice pathogens in an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that often lead to environmental pollutions. As a tool to combat bacterial rice pathogens, PGPB presented itself as a promising alternative in improving rice plants’ health and simultaneously controlling bacterial rice pathogens in vitro and in the field/greenhouse studies. PGPB, such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Streptomyces, are now very well-known. Applications of PGPB as bioformulations are found to be effective in improving rice productivity and provide an eco-friendly alternative to agroecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens

et al. 2021

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“…Projections suggest that global mean temperature increases will have adverse impacts such as increased heatwaves, agricultural droughts, floods, and reduced crop yields [3]. A recent study by Firdaus et al [4] indicated that minimum and maximum In general, three main approaches have been widely used to analyze the impacts of climate change on agriculture-one of which is panel data analysis [22]. In panel data analysis, omitted variables can be overcome by including regional dummies in the model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have found that climate variables have a significant impact on agriculture yield [30]. Climate parameters such as increased temperature, high or low precipitation as well as extreme weather events adversely affect crop productions, thus challenging food security [4]. Studies projected that increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration would have a mixture of positive and negative effects on rice production, consumption, distribution as well as national development [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies projected that increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration would have a mixture of positive and negative effects on rice production, consumption, distribution as well as national development [17][18][19][20]. Extreme weather events due to climate change alter the food production, consumption, trade, and distribution patterns, thus challenging poverty eradication, food security, and sustainable development [4,7]. Moreover, climate change has negative adverse impacts on agriculture, especially at low latitudes and tropical areas [6,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Climate Change on Rice Yield in Malaysia: A Panel Data Analysis

et al. 2021

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Climate change is a global problem since many countries worldwide are becoming increasingly vulnerable to natural disasters. Numerous climate models in various studies project a decline in agricultural productivity that will mainly be due to excessive heat in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in Southeast Asia. As a Southeast Asian country, Malaysia is no exception to this problem. Hence, the present study aimed to examine the impact of climate change on rice yields in Malaysia. A panel data approach was adopted using data from 1987 to 2017 on eight granary areas in Peninsular Malaysia. The main objectives were to assess the impact of climate variables (i.e., minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation) on rice yield and the variance of the impact during the main season and off-season. Our regression results indicate that precipitation was not statistically significant in all model specifications for both the main and off-season. While the maximum temperature was found to be negatively associated with yield during the off-season, the minimum temperature showed a positive effect in both cropping seasons. We used the HadGEM3-GC31 N512 resolution model based on the high-emission Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 8.5 scenario (SSPs-8.5) from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to project future climate change in 2030 and 2040. The projected results indicate that rice yield would show a more positive trend by 2040 when compared to the previous decade, ranging from −0.02 to 19.85% during the main season and −2.77 to 7.41% during the off-season. Although rice yield is likely to increase in certain areas, other areas are projected to experience negative effects. Hence, adaptation at the farm level remains crucial, specifically during the off-season, since climate change could widen the gaps in rice yields between cropping seasons and among granary areas.

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“…On an average, Malaysians consumed 80 kg of rice per person per year, which is about 26% of the total caloric intake per day. Compared to the global rice production, Malaysia's total rice production area is only about 0.7 million ha, contributing a mere 0.4% of the total global output, which is the lowest in South East Asia (Firdaus et al, 2020). As per the latest available figure, over 2.7m MT of rice was consumed in Malaysia, wherein 67-70% is produced locally, and the remaining 33-30% is imported primarily from Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of in vitro Produced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum on Anaerobic Direct Seeded and Transplanted Paddy

Haifaa¹,

Moses²

2021

JAS

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It is widely accepted that the symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in sustainable production systems in rice cultivation and they readily form a symbiotic relationship with these fungi. Four species consortium of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, Clariodeoglomus etunicatum and Glomus aggregatum, produced through in vitro production system and formulated with organic biostimulants viz. humic acids and sea weed extract were tested in this experiment, both for direct seeded and transplanted paddy, under anaerobic cultivation system. AMF inoculated fields produced significantly higher yield than non-inoculated field. AMF inoculants formulated with a blend of humic acids and seaweed extract produced significantly higher grain yield than the inoculants formulated with humic acids alone, in both the cultivation systems. Effect of AMF inoculation was highly pronounced in transplanted paddy than direct seeded paddy, resulted in highest grain yield, highest grain weight, better grain filling rate and highest tiller production. It can be concluded that AMF inoculants can be potentially used for rice cultivation under anaerobic water management system, both for direct seeded and transplanted paddy and the nature of biostimulants used in the formulation also play a key role in the efficacy of AMF inoculants. Our findings contribute to the growing global consensus that mycorrhizal inoculants could play a role in sustainable rice production systems of the future, when used appropriately.

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Paddy, rice and food security in Malaysia: A review of climate change impacts

Cited by 85 publications

References 48 publications

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens

Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens

Impact of Climate Change on Rice Yield in Malaysia: A Panel Data Analysis

Effect of in vitro Produced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum on Anaerobic Direct Seeded and Transplanted Paddy

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