Padrão Biométrico, Medidas De Atrelagem E Índice De Carga De Equideos De Tração Urbana Do Município De Arapiraca, Alagoas

Abstract

RESUMO:Milhares de pessoas utilizam a carroça tracionada por equídeos como meio de trabalho ou suplementação de renda no âmbito mundial. Poucas são as pesquisas envolvendo a caracterização biométrica dos animais e as medidas dos equipamentos de atrelagem, buscando classificar os equídeos pela capacidade de tração, propondo discussões cientificamente embasadas acerca da capacidade de carga por animal, consequentemente diminuindo os maus tratos e dimensionando o trabalho de forma proporcional e coerente. Objetivou-se determinar parâmetros zoométricos ligados a ezoognósia, caracterizando tipologia e medidas relacionadas à veículos de atrelagem de 234 equídeos de tração no município de Arapiraca-Alagoas, Brasil. Foram obtidas medidas morfoestruturais lineares e perimetrais, calculando-se os índices zoométricos: índice corporal, peso estimado, índice dáctilo-torácico, índice de carga a passo e índice de carga a galope. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise de variância e teste de médias (Skott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade). Os muares representaram 76% (179) dos animais estudados, os equinos 21% (49) e os asininos 3% (6). Em todas as medidas morfoestruturais e índices zoométricos, com exceção do índice corporal onde os asininos apresentaram a maior média, verifica-se diferença (P<0,05) entre as espécies com os equinos sempre apresentando maiores valores, seguidos pelos muares e asininos. Não há adequação em relação às medidas das atrelagens, verificando-se diferença estatística (P<0,05) apenas para os veículos tracionados por asininos. Os equinos e muares utilizados por condutores de carroças são classificados como equídeos de pequeno porte, com propensão à tração leve. Palavras-chave: carroça; equídeos urbanos; índices; medidas BIOMETRIC STANDARD, WAGON MEASURES AND LOAD INDEX OF URBAN CART EQUIDS OF ARAPIRACA CITY, ALAGOASABSTRACT: Thousands of people use the cart pulled by horses as a means of work or supplemental income in the world. But there are few studies involving the animal biometric characterization and wagon measures, seeking classify equids for traction capacity and propose scientifically sound discussions about the load capacity per animal, thus reducing maltreatment. The aim of this paper was to determine the zoometric standard, typology and wagon measures of the 234 cart equids from Arapiraca city, Alagoas state, Brazil. Morphostructural linear and perimeter measurements were obtained, calculating the zoometric indexes: body index, estimated weight, dactyl-thoracic index, work walking index and work galloping index. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and means test (Skott-Knott 5% probability). The mules represented 76% (179) of the animals, horses 21% (49) and donkeys 3% (6). In all measurements and indexes studied, except where the donkeys body index had the highest average, there is a statistical difference (P <0.05) between species with the highest values always with horses, mules and followed by donkeys. There are no adequate in relation to the wagon measures, verifying differen...

Biometric parameters of adult and growing Pêga donkeys

“…For adult donkeys, withers height (WH) was 131.1±5.5 cm (Table 3), falling well within the range established by the ABCJPÊGA (2016), which require a minimum WH of 120 cm for females. The findings of this study corroborate those of Brum (2010), who reported a mean value of 131 cm for male Pêga donkeys, but differ from those reported by Mariz et al (2014) and Pimentel et al (2014), who investigated the Nordestino breed of donkeys and reported WH values of 117 cm and 106 cm, respectively, indicating that Pêga donkeys are taller. These data also corroborate the findings of Oliveira (2004), who reported that the Pêga animals are larger when compared with other national breeds.…”

“…In the analysis of morphometric indexes of adult female donkeys (Table 6), at the first evaluation of BI, it was confirmed that the animals could be classified as longilineal, similar to the observations recorded in other studies conducted on donkeys (Brum, 2010;Pimentel et al, 2014;Mariz et al, 2014;Folch and Jordana, 1997). Longilineal animals are morpho-functionally adapted to the racing activity, indicating the longer BL in relation to the thoracic depth, which thus provides greater speed (Cabral et al, 2004;McManus et al, 2010).…”

“…The morphological measurements of female Pêga donkeys investigated in this study (Table 3) were higher than those reported for the Nordestino breed (Pimentel et al, 2014;Mariz et al, 2014) and bore similarity to those observed for the male Pêga donkeys (Brum, 2010) and were close to those described for the Catalan, one of the forming breeds of the Pêga (Folch and Jordana, 1997).…”

“…On estimating the CP of growing donkeys, a variation of 10.8±0.3 to 14.1±0.2 cm was noted from birth to six months (Table 5), and these values represent, at birth, about 67.06% of the CP of dams and, at six months, approximately 88.88%. The CP evaluation is crucial, because it is related to the ability to shift weight, and a higher CP may indicate superior traction capacity (Cabral et al, 2004;Mariz et al, 2014), as observed in the adult female donkeys studied here (Table 3). It is also essential for evaluating a few of the morphometric indexes such as MI, DTI, and WCI, as discussed below (Cabral et al, 2004;Brum, 2010).…”

“…For cannon perimeter (CP) of adult female donkeys, the mean value obtained was 17.2±2.1 cm (Table 3), similar to results reported by Brum (2010), but higher than that reported by Pimentel et al (2014). In their work on draft equids, Mariz et al (2014) reported CP for horses, mules, and donkeys (Nordestino breed) as 17.5, 15.8, and 13.5 cm, respectively, and stated that the horses had a higher traction capacity than did the mules and donkeys evaluated. The CP value for donkeys employed in this study (17.2 cm) was similar to that observed by Mariz et al (2014) for draft horses, which may suggest that the Pêga donkeys investigated have a weight carrying capacity similar to that of horses adapted to traction, but higher than that of mules and Nordestino donkeys.…”