Padrões de deslocamento e captura de forragem por novilhos em pastagem de azevém-anual e aveia-preta manejada sob diferentes alturas em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

Baggio, Carolina; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio; Silva, Jamir Luis Silva da; Anghinoni, Ibanor; Lopes, Marcela Silva; Thurow, Juliana Muliterno

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982009000200001

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Heifers also spent 6.8% more time per feeding station during the vegetative stage (Table 2), when leaf blades allowance was 70.7% higher (Table 1). There is a positive correlation between the amount of leaf blades and time spent at the feeding station (BAGGIO et al, 2009). A high leaf blades allowance provides greater selectivity due to greater bites, coupled to an increase in time spent at the feeding station (GONÇALVES et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When forage was abundant, intake rates were high and animals had greater bite mass while traveling greater distances with more time spent seeking sites with their preferred forage . On average, heifers visited one feeding station more during the reproductive stage than during the vegetative stage (Table 2), perhaps due to lower availability of leaf blades and to an increase in inflorescences (BAGGIO et al, 2009). Time spent at a feeding station also depends on the animal´s perception of other sites with better intake opportunities (PRACHE; PEYRAUD, 2001) and on the frequency of sites with under or over utilization of forage (QUADROS et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baggio et al (2009) reported, in ryegrass and black oat pastures, a lower number of bites per feeding station in the reproductive, compared to the vegetative stage, while Glienke et al (2010) observed that, in supplemented heifers grazing on ryegrass pasture, the number of steps between feeding stations varied between the evaluation periods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing behavior of non-supplemented and supplemented heifers on Italian ryegrass pasture

Hampel

Rocha

Pötter

et al. 2016

SCA

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We evaluated the grazing behavior of heifers, at two phenological stages (vegetative and reproductive) of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), in four times of the day (early morning, morning, evening, and evening), with heifers either exclusively grazing or with oat, or corn grain, supplementation. The experimental design was completely randomized, in sub-subdivided plot arrangement, in which the main plots were the feeding systems, the sub-plots were the phenological stages and the sub-sub-plots were the times of day. We assessed ingestion behavior along 24 hours through visual observation, on four evaluation dates, two during the vegetative stage and two during the reproductive stage, studying time spent on grazing, rumination, or other activities, as well as number and duration of, and interval between meals. Supplemented heifers remained less time at a feeding station, performed fewer bites daily and, during the reproductive stage of the ryegrass, spent more time in other activities. Grazing time of supplemented heifers was shorter in the morning and at evening, and the duration of their meals was shorter at evening. A change occurred in the pattern of time use when heifers received supplement, and when the structural and qualitative characteristics of the pasture changed during the vegetative and reproductive phenological stages of ryegrass. Key words: Angus heifers. Feeding stations. Vegetative stage. Reproductive stage. ResumoO experimento foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento de pastejo de bezerras, durante dois estádios (vegetativo e reprodutivo) fenológicos do azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), em quatro turnos diários (madrugada, manhã, tarde, noite). As bezerras estavam exclusivamente em pastejo ou em pastejo e recebendo suplemento (grão de aveia ou de milho). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, seguindo a estrutura de parcelas sub-subdivididas sendo os sistemas alimentares as parcelas principais, os estádios fenológicos as sub-parcelas e os turnos diários as sub-subparcelas. O registro do comportamento ingestivo foi realizado durante 24 horas, por observação visual, em quatro datas de avaliação: duas no estádio vegetativo e duas no estádio reprodutivo do azevém. Avaliaram-se os tempos de pastejo, de ruminação e de outras atividades, além do número, tempo de duração e o intervalo entre refeições das bezerras suplementadas ou não em pastagem de azevém. As bezerras que receberam 1 Discentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. E-mail: vivihampel@hotmail.com; sheila_bbosco@hotmail.com; marcosalatiel@hotmail.com 2 Profs., Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. E-mail: mgdarocha@gmail.com; potter.luciana@gmail.com 3 Discentes de Graduação em Zootecnia, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. E-mail: lucascado@hotmail.com; luiz1989@hotmail. com; julianopetzootecnia@gmail.com suplemento permaneceram menor tempo na estação alimentar e realizaram menor número d...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing behavior of non-supplemented and supplemented heifers on Italian ryegrass pasture

Hampel

Rocha

Pötter

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…The results of the observations of bites and swallowing, determined as the number of bites per day (NBD), expressed as the product between bite rate and grazing time, were recorded on six occasions for three days in the morning and afternoon periods, following the method described by Baggio et al (2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of increasing levels of spineless-cactus meal on the ingestive behaviour of grazing steers

Filho

Silva

et al. 2015

SCA

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of spineless-cactus meal substituting for maize in diets for supplemented steers grazing on Urochoa brizantha during the postweaning phase. The experiment was conducted on Princesa do Mateiro farm, located in Ribeirão do Largo-BA, Brazil. Forty crossbred steers with an average body weight of 261 ± 7.46 kg were distributed into four groups for evaluation of the following four levels of substitution of ground maize for spinelesscactus meal: 0.00, 30.00, 60.00, and 90.00%. The results were analysed statistically by variance and regression analyses at a 5% error probability. Increasing the amount of spineless-cactus meal in the diet had a quadratic effect on the grazing time and on the time spent on other activities. The diet had a quadratic effect on the number of grazing periods, the number of periods at the trough, and the total feeding and chewing times. In contrast, the number of periods spent on other activities and on rumination was not influenced by the level of spineless-cactus meal. The bite rate, number of bites per swallow, and number of bites per day increased linearly, whereas the swallowing time and number of cuds ruminated per day decreased as the level of spineless-cactus meal added to the diet wasincreased. The feed and rumination efficiencies of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, crude protein, and non-fibre carbohydrates were not influenced by the level of substitution of spineless-cactus meal for ground maize. Spinelesscactus meal levels close to 60% probably provided greater fibre degradation, leading the animals to spend more time on social interactions with the group, use the feed better, and possibly have a better feed conversion. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de substituição do milho pelo farelo de palma forrageira na dieta de novilhos mestiços sob suplementação em pastagens de Urochoa brizantha na fase de recria. O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda Princesa do Mateiro, no município de Ribeirão do Largo, Bahia. Foram utilizados 40 novilhos mestiços com peso corporal médio de 261 ± 7,46 kg, distribuídos em quatro grupos, para avaliação de quatro níveis de substituição do milho moído pelo farelo de palma forrageira, 0,00; 30,00; 60,00; e 90,00%. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de análise de variância e de regressão, a 5% de probabilidade de erro. O aumento da quantidade de farelo de palma na dieta provocou efeito quadrático no tempo de pastejo e no tempo destinado a outras atividades. Houve efeito quadrático da dieta sobre o número de períodos de pastejo, o número de períodos de cocho e para os tempos totais de alimentação e mastigação, ao contrário dos números de períodos destinados a outras atividades e à ruminação não foram influenciados pelos níveis de farelo de palma. A taxa de bocados, o número de bocados por deglutição e o número de bocados por dia aumentaram de forma crescente, enquanto o tempo de deglutição e o número de bolos ruminados por di...

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“…Results of observations of mouthfuls and swallowing were recorded on six different times in the day, as recommended by Baggio et al (2009); three evaluations in the morning and three in the afternoon, also used to determine the number of mouthfuls per day (NMD), indicating the result of mouthful rate multiplied by grazing time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between intake and ingestive behavior of pasture-grazed heifers

et al. 2013

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between intake and ingestive behavior of crossbred heifers in grazing tropical. The experiment was conducted on the Princesa do Mateiro Farm, in the city of Ribeirão do Largo, Bahia. A total of 20 heifers with genetic makeup 5/8 dairy Guzerá and 3/8 Holstein, average age of 18 months and body weight of 187 ± 13.1 kg have been used. The experiment lasted 224 days and involved animals raised in a rotational grazing system with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú. Grazing time was not correlated with any of the variables associated with intake. Rumination time showed positive correlations with the intake of forage dry matter (DMIF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDFI). Variables associated with the time spent on feeding at the trough, overall feeding and total chewing were not correlated with intake (P>0.05). There have been positive correlations between the number of grazing periods (NGP) and rumination periods (NRP) and total DM intake (TDMI), organic matter (OMI), forage (DMIF), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI), total carbohydrates (TCHI) and ether extract (EEI). Crude protein intake (CPI) was positively correlated with NGP and NRP. The mouthful rate was positively correlated with TDMI, OMI, DMIF, NDFI, TCHI, EEI and CPI. Average time per swallow was negatively correlated with TDMI, OMI, NDFI, TCHI and EEI. Positive correlations have been observed between the number of mouthfuls per day and TDMI, OMI, DMIF, NDFI, TCHI, EEI. The number of chews per bolus showed negative correlations with DMIS and CPI. The time per cake ruminated has correlated negatively with the intake of crude protein. The number of chews per bolus showed positive correlations with the intakes of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. The number of boli per day showed positive correlations with DMIF and TCHI. The time spent on chewing showed no significant correlation with intake. In conflict with the national and international literature, the grazing time was not correlated with intake by grass-fed crossbred heifers. The number of activities, the time spent on them and the mouthful rate where shown to be highly associated with the intake variables and can therefore arrange equations to predict intake through the analysis of feeding behavior. of mouthfuls performed each day contributes to the intake by pasture-grazed heifers.

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Padrões de deslocamento e captura de forragem por novilhos em pastagem de azevém-anual e aveia-preta manejada sob diferentes alturas em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

Cited by 44 publications

References 8 publications

Grazing behavior of non-supplemented and supplemented heifers on Italian ryegrass pasture

Grazing behavior of non-supplemented and supplemented heifers on Italian ryegrass pasture

Impact of increasing levels of spineless-cactus meal on the ingestive behaviour of grazing steers

Correlation between intake and ingestive behavior of pasture-grazed heifers

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