Paediatric virology and human papillomaviruses: An update

Abstract

Almost 10 years ago, in October, 2008, the scientist who reported for the first time the association between human papillomaviruses (HPV) and cervical cancer, was awarded with the Nobel prize. In the years that followed, Professor Harald zur Hausen actively supported the value of the HPV vaccination in the prevention of different types of cancer and highlighted the necessity of its introduction in both girls and boys. However, to date, in the majority of countries, HPV vaccination among male adolescents has not been implemented into the national vaccination schemes, while in several countries, including Greece, the participation rate to HPV vaccination among female adolescents still remains low. Recent data indicate that catch-up HPV vaccination among young women has been extremely useful and has exhibited a significant effect in decreasing the prevalence of HPV. While the marketed current HPV vaccines prevent anogenital HPV infection, their impact on the natural history of oral HPV and their efficacy in preventing HPV-related head and neck carcinomas need to be further investigated. Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, as well as HPV-associated conjunctival papillomas continue to be observed in childhood and their clinical management involves different therapeutic approaches with controversial outcomes. This review article provides an overview of recent views and advances on HPV infections and prevention in childhood that were presented at the ‘4th Workshop on Paediatric Virology’ on Saturday September 22, 2018 in Athens, Greece.

Retracted: Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction‐mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity‐electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations – A hypothesis

“…These ingredients are additional foreign agents that overwhelm the immune system (see below). The ingredients that are perceived as 'natural' [eg, fetal serum, clumps of tissue/organ or DNA particles, proteins-peptides (eg, ovalbumin, egg † † † † † † † † Government Corruption AUGUST 20, 2020 1,4,5,8,12,14,17,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]50,58,[61][62][63][64][66][67][68]70,71,141,144,148,152,153,156,165,167,168 (Figures 3-5).…”

Non-sexual HPV transmission and role of vaccination for a better future (Review)

“…Self-inoculation is described in studies as a potential HPV transmission route. It has been detailed in studies of HPV in female virgins (16), in children with genital warts (low-risk HPV) without a history of sexual abuse (17). A study on female virgins found 51.1% HPV positive, compared with 69.1% of sexually active females.…”

Clinical Virology research and medical education in Greece: An interview with Demetrios A. Spandidos, Professor of Clinical Virology at the University of Crete in Greece

“…To date, he has been a great benefactor of the Paediatric Virology Study Group (PVSG) since its birth (22). He has hosted all ‘workshops on Paediatric Virology’ organized by PVSG (23–28) and he has co-authored the 2015 proposal of Paediatric Virology subspecialty (29). In 2017, the participation in the ‘3rd workshop on Paediatric Virology’ of two top worldwide experts in Paediatric Virology, Nobelist Laurate Professor of Virology Harald zur Hausen (Germany) and Professor of Neonatology Anne Greenough (UK), was the proof of the high-level scientific standards guaranteed by Professor Spandidos (25) and his fundamental contribution to medical education (30).…”