Paenibacillus

Frank, J. Howard; Frank, J. Howard; Thomas, Michael C.; Yousten, Allan A.; Howard, Forrest W.; Giblin-davis, Robin M.; Zuparko, Robert L.; Sánchez, Norma E.; Luna, María G.; Goula, Marta; Alekseev, Andrey N.; James, Rosalind R.; Weintraub, Phyllis G.; Horton, David; Frank, J. Howard; Riley, David G.; Marshall, David C.; Hoy, Marjorie A.; hammad, Efat M. Abou-fakhr; Froeba, Jason G.; Legg, David; Auslane, Heather J. Mc; Wang, Qiao; Bybee, Seth; Lebiush-mordechi, Sarah; Denmark, Harold A.; Frank, J. Howard; Cranshaw, Whitney; Asaro, Christopher; Christiansen, Erik; Roltsch, William J.; Meyerdirk, Dale E.; Coons, Lewis B.; Rothschild, Marjorie; Tzanakakis, Minos E.; Lawrence, Pauline O.; Wheeler, Alfred G.; Henry, Thomas J.; Mizell, Russell F.; Mizell, Partricia A.; brien, Lois B. O’; Berlinger, Menachem J.; Rossi, Anthony; Hunter, Wayne B.; Vincent, Charles; Chouinard, Gérald; Leskey, Tracy; Matthews, Deborah L.; Kevan, Peter G.; Felicioli, Antonio; Pinzauti, Mauro; Pellmyr, Olle; Trumble, John T.; Vickerman, Danel B.; McSorley, Robert; Verma, K. K.; Uspensky, İgor; Hall, Donald W.; Alvarez, Juan M.; Capinera, John L.; Gerberg, Eugene J.; Hurd, Lawrence E.; Clercq, Patrick De; Frank, J. Howard; Gilbert, Lawrence I.; Rybczynski, Robert; Tipping, Christopher; Tsai, James H.; Weinstein, Philip; Slaney, David; Adler, Peter H.; Pickett, John A.; Heppner, John B.; Abivardi, Cyrus; Goodman, Katie; McCravy, Kenneth W.; Sourakov, Andrei

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2724

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“…In an attempt to generate additional data on the relatively poorly understood Paenibacillus taxon, detailed studies have been performed to identify and characterize Paenibacillus isolates to facilitate their utilization [4,5]. In addition to the diverse beneficial Paenibacillus species, important pathogens of beneficial insects are also members of this genus [1,6]. The most important insect-pathogenic member is Paenibacillus larvae [7], which is the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB), a brood disease that causes substantial honeybee colony losses worldwide [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive proteomic analysis of exoproteins expressed by ERIC I, II, III and IVPaenibacillus larvaegenotypes reveals a wide range of virulence factors

et al. 2019

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American foulbrood is a quarantine disease of the honeybee Apis mellifera L. in many countries and contributes greatly to colony losses. We performed a label-free proteomics study of exoprotein fractions produced in vitro by Paenibacillus larvae reference strains of the ERIC I–IV genotypes. A quantitative comparison was performed of previous studied protein-based virulence factors and many newly identified putative virulence factors. Among the multiple proteases identified, key virulence factors included the microbial collagenase ColA and immune inhibitor A (InhA, an analog of the Bacillus thuringiensis protein InhA). Both of these virulence factors were detected in ERICs II–IV but were absent from ERIC I. Furthermore, the different S-layer proteins and polysaccharide deacetylases prevailed in ERICs II–IV. Thus, the expression patterns of these virulence factors corresponded with the different speeds at which honeybee larvae are known to be killed by ERICs II–IV compared to ERIC I. In addition, putative novel toxin-like proteins were identified, including vegetative insecticidal protein Vip1, a mosquitocidal toxin, and epsilon-toxin type B, which exhibit similarity to homologs present in Bacillus thuringiensis or Lysinibacillus sphaericus . Furthermore, a putative bacteriocin similar to Lactococcin 972 was identified in all assayed genotypes. It appears that P. larvae shares virulence factors similar to those of the Bacillus cereus group. Overall, the results provide novel information regarding P. larvae virulence potential, and a comprehensive exoprotein comparison of all four ERICs was performed for the first time. The identification of novel virulence factors can explain differences in the virulence of isolates.

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