Paenibacillus provencensis sp. nov., isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid, and Paenibacillus urinalis sp. nov., isolated from human urine

Intraoperative diagnosis of mitral valve endocarditis secondary to Paenibacillus provencensis

“…Thus, their exact identification often relies on modern molecular biology methods, such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing. 1 Our case is also unique in that the patient had no cardiac device or other prosthetic implant prior to undergoing aortic valve replacement. However, retrospective analysis of the preoperative transthoracic echocardiogram revealed some echogenic material adherent to the atrial aspect of the mitral valve, which appeared to be a precursor of the fully fledged vegetation subsequently found in the intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiogram (Fig 1).…”

“…This organism was only discovered in 2008, following identification in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with meningitis caused by Tropheryma whipplei, when it was considered to be a contaminant. 1 To exclude contamination, we repeated 16S rDNA sequencing and obtained concordant results in both tests. The genotypic test was also corroborated by the positive cultures and by the fact that no other microorganisms could be identified in the mitral valve specimen.…”

“…The precise identification of these bacteria is challenging, owing to the absence of clear discriminating phenotypical features, as well as the fact that many proposals of new species have been made on the basis of the characterisation of single isolates. 1 In addition, these organisms are particularly difficult to grow in culture and no biochemical tests is yet available. Thus, their exact identification often relies on modern molecular biology methods, such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing.…”

“…1 Despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, infective endocarditis remains challenging to treat and is thus associated with poor prognosis in terms of morbidity and mortality, particularly when uncommon microorganisms are involved. 2 …”

Paenibacillus aquistagni sp. nov., isolated from an artificial lake accumulating industrial wastewater

“…Paenibacillus species have been isolated from diverse habitats, such as paperboard, deep-sea surface sediment, honeybee larva, warm springs, farmland soil, tree bark, blood samples, sputum, human urine, rhizosphere soil and necrotic wounds (Nakamura 1996;Roux and Raoult 2004;Saha et al 2005;Lee et al 2007;Roux et al 2008;Kim et al 2010;Romanenko et al 2013;Han et al 2015;Sitdhipol et al 2016). During an assessment of the cultivable microbial diversity from water of an artificial lake located on the outskirts of Celje (Slovenia) which is accumulating liquid industrial waste, strain 11 T was isolated.…”