Paint and Coating Specifications and Standards

Koleske, Joseph V.

doi:10.1520/mnl12257m

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…This behavior also confirms the improved cross-link points of TES particles in epoxy. The cross-link density was calculated by following equation [ 42 ] and values are already summarized in Table 5 .

where E ′ is the storage modulus in rubbery plateau (i.e., T g + 30 °C), R is the universal gas constant (8.314472 J/K mol), and T (K) is the temperature in a rubbery plateau.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Stearic Acid Treated Egg Shell Particles in Epoxy Thermosets: Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Characterization

Shah

Zhang

et al. 2018

Materials

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This work reports the modification of egg shell (ES) particles by using stearic acid (SA) and their reinforcement in the epoxy matrix. The ES treatment via SA was optimized, the optimum conditions for concentration, temperature, and time were found to be 2.5%, 85 °C, and 50 min, respectively. The untreated ES (UES) and treated ES (TES) particles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), particle size distribution, and contact angle. FTIR confirmed the chemical modification of SA on ES surface and DSC reflects an endothermic peak at 240 °C. XRD reveal a decrease in crystal size and crystallinity, while contact angle increases to 169° from 42°. The SEM observations clearly reflect a distinct decrease and separation of small domains of ES particles thus improving an increased surface area. Afterwards, the UES and TES particles were reinforced in epoxy at 15 and 20 weight (wt.) % loading. The tensile tests confirmed a 22% increase in elongation as compared to pure epoxy due to the hydrogen bonding between TES particles and matrix. The lowest brittleness was recorded for TES/epoxy composites on 20 wt % loading. The TGA confirmed the improved thermal stabilities at 20 wt % loading of TES particles in matrix, the improvements in T5%, T10%, and T20% values were recorded as 33, 26, and 21 °C higher than the corresponding values for neat matrix. The TES/epoxy composites on 20 wt % showed 41% increase in storage modulus as compared to the pristine epoxy, and cross-link density reaches to 2.71 × 10−3 from 1.29 × 10−3 mol/cm3 for neat matrix. The decline in tan δ height and improvement in Tg were also observed. The best adhesion effectiveness was recorded for TES/epoxy composites. This simple and economical modification technique can enhance the application of ES particles in various polymeric coating and composites applications.

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where E ′ is the storage modulus in rubbery plateau (i.e., T g + 30 °C), R is the universal gas constant (8.314472 J/K mol), and T (K) is the temperature in a rubbery plateau.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Stearic Acid Treated Egg Shell Particles in Epoxy Thermosets: Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Characterization

Shah

Zhang

et al. 2018

Materials

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“…The easiest way [4] is to use a nanoparticle concentrate as additive for existing coating systems. The objective of this study is to show the performance of alumina nanoparticles (inorganic phase) used as additive for the organic phase in a wood coating system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions regarding the research of some new nanostructured coating materials

Manciulea

Mihalevschi²,

Dumitrescu

2008

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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Organic‐inorganic hybrid materials are very interesting for several applications thanks to their properties based on the synergistic combination of different components. The paper presents some contributions on synthesis and characterization of new coating nanomaterials based on combinations of alumina nanoparticles with functionalized acrylic polymers, that lead to the enhancement of the wood coatings properties, such as biocide activity. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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“…In the present study, the natural drying type of urethane paint is considered because it has been applied to the surfaces of the transaxle of an agricultural tractor. A paint film generally changes its state from a liquid to solid (Koleske, 2012): set-to-touch; dust-free; tack-free; dry-hard; dry-through; and full-hardness. …”

Section: Baking Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical simulation of a line-type paint drying furnace

Choi

Yang

Hur

2019

HFF

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Purpose Paint drying is a very important process in an industry where shorter drying time for productivity and lower energy consumption for production cost are required while maintaining the product’s painting quality. In the present study, a drying process in a line-type paint drying furnace equipped with nozzles for hot air supply and moving conveyer belt to dry painted automotive parts is numerically simulated for the flow and heat transfer inside the furnace to evaluate the quality of the drying or baking at the end of the drying process in a production line. Design/methodology/approach A baking window for a specific paint is used for judging the local degree of baking (DOB) of the painted parts, which can be useful to identify under-baked or over-baked locations of the painted parts, and hence the quality of the baking process. Findings Numerical results of a time history of temperatures at two monitoring points on the painted parts were obtained and compared to the measured data in an actual furnace and showed good agreement. Three types of paints were considered in the present study and numerical results showed different drying characteristics. In addition to the original furnace nozzle configuration, two more furnace nozzle configurations with different numbers, direction and speed of hot air supply were simulated to improve the furnace’s drying performance. As a result, a newly suggested nozzle configuration with quick drying paint can give us a remarkable improvement in surface averaged DOB compared to the original nozzle configuration with original paint. Originality/value The present simulation technique and DOB methodology can be used for the optimal design of a drying furnace.

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Paint and Coating Specifications and Standards

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Reinforcement of Stearic Acid Treated Egg Shell Particles in Epoxy Thermosets: Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Characterization

Reinforcement of Stearic Acid Treated Egg Shell Particles in Epoxy Thermosets: Structural, Thermal, and Mechanical Characterization

Contributions regarding the research of some new nanostructured coating materials

A numerical simulation of a line-type paint drying furnace

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