Paired associative stimulations: Novel tools for interacting with sensory and motor cortical plasticity

Guidali, Giacomo; Roncoroni, Camilla; Bolognini, Nadia

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113484

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…Participants performed the motion direction discrimination task again, immediately (T0) and 30 (T30) minutes after the stimulation. In accordance with previous studies, we planned specific poststimulation testing sessions in order to monitor the evolution of neural plasticity effects [ 33 ], as well as considering that ccPAS aftereffect are usually circumscribed within 60 minutes from stimulation with peaks at around 30 minutes [ 88 – 90 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual awareness for global coherent motion (i.e., evidence of movement) has been shown to require the recruitment of feedback pathways from V5/MT+-to-V1/V2 [28,29]. Such connections can be transiently strengthened by means of a novel transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol, based on the Hebbian principle, namely the corticocortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) [30][31][32][33][34]. This noninvasive stimulation implies a repetitive activation of interconnected cortical sites at specific interstimulus intervals, which are based on the timing of physiological communication between targeted areas, so to mimic patterns of neuronal stimulation shown to induce spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP)-a form of synaptic plasticity meeting the Hebbian principle that synapses are potentiated if the presynaptic neuron fires immediately before the postsynaptic neuron in a coherent and repeated manner [35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human perceptual and metacognitive decision-making rely on distinct brain networks

et al. 2022

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Perceptual decisions depend on the ability to exploit available sensory information in order to select the most adaptive option from a set of alternatives. Such decisions depend on the perceptual sensitivity of the organism, which is generally accompanied by a corresponding level of certainty about the choice made. Here, by use of corticocortical paired associative transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol (ccPAS) aimed at inducing plastic changes, we shaped perceptual sensitivity and metacognitive ability in a motion discrimination task depending on the targeted network, demonstrating their functional dissociation. Neurostimulation aimed at boosting V5/MT+-to-V1/V2 back-projections enhanced motion sensitivity without impacting metacognition, whereas boosting IPS/LIP-to-V1/V2 back-projections increased metacognitive efficiency without impacting motion sensitivity. This double-dissociation provides causal evidence of distinct networks for perceptual sensitivity and metacognitive ability in humans.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human perceptual and metacognitive decision-making rely on distinct brain networks

et al. 2022

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“…Based on this neuron landscape, we explain the neural pathways and plasticity rules of each protocol. However, as the actual mechanisms and neural substrates underlying I-waves are still not understood, further investigations [3]; c. [4]; d. [5,6].…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

TMS and neocortical neurons: an integrative review on the micro-macro connection in neuroplasticity

Tian

Izumi

2023

Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci

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Tian D, Izumi S. TMS and neocortical neurons: an integrative review on the micro-macro connection in neuroplasticity. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2023; 14: 1-9. Neuroplasticity plays a pivotal role in neuroscience and neurorehabilitation as it bridges the organization and reorganization properties of the brain. Among the numerous neuroplastic protocols, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a well-established non-invasive protocol to induce plastic changes in the brain. Here, we review the findings of four plasticity-inducing TMS protocols in the human motor cortex with relatively evident mechanisms: conventional repetitive TMS (rTMS), theta-burst stimulation (TBS), quadripulse stimulation (QPS) and paired associative stimulation (PAS). Based on the reviewed evidence and a preliminary TMS neurocytological model proposed in our previous report, we further integrate the neurophysiological evidence and plasticity rules of these protocols to present an updated micro-macro connection model between neocortical neurons and the neurophysiological evidence in TMS. This prototypical model will guide further efforts to understand the neural circuit of the motor cortex, the mechanisms of TMS, and the advance of neuroplasticity technologies and their outcomes.

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“…The primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are more common targets for stimulation in clinical practice and research [ 36 ]. The dorsal premotor region (dPM), subthalamic nucleus (STN), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and supplementary and pre-supplementary motor areas complex (SMA proper and pre-SMA) are also frequently used as targets [ 37 ]. According to the navigation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) results, the precise stimulation of brain regions with abnormal functional connectivity in stroke patients by rTMS can be achieved, and more targets that match individual anatomy or functional physiology can be presented [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Neuromodulation and Nibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Neurorehabilitation in Post-Stroke Patients

Zhou

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and disability, stroke usually causes symptoms of cerebral hypoxia due to a sudden blockage or rupture of brain vessels, and it seriously threatens human life and health. Rehabilitation is the essential treatment for post-stroke patients suffering from functional impairments, through which hemiparesis, aphasia, dysphagia, unilateral neglect, depression, and cognitive dysfunction can be restored to various degrees. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a popular neuromodulatory technology of rehabilitation focusing on the local cerebral cortex, which can improve clinical functions by regulating the excitability of corresponding neurons. Increasing evidence has been obtained from the clinical application of NIBS, especially repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, without a standardized protocol, existing studies on NIBS show a wide variation in terms of stimulation site, frequency, intensity, dosage, and other parameters. Its application for neurorehabilitation in post-stroke patients is still limited. With advances in neuronavigation technologies, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and functional MRI, specific brain regions can be precisely located for stimulation. On the basis of our further understanding on neural circuits, neuromodulation in post-stroke rehabilitation has also evolved from single-target stimulation to co-stimulation of two or more targets, even circuits and the network. The present study aims to review the findings of current research, discuss future directions of NIBS application, and finally promote the use of NIBS in post-stroke rehabilitation.

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Paired associative stimulations: Novel tools for interacting with sensory and motor cortical plasticity

Cited by 16 publications

References 208 publications

Human perceptual and metacognitive decision-making rely on distinct brain networks

Human perceptual and metacognitive decision-making rely on distinct brain networks

TMS and neocortical neurons: an integrative review on the micro-macro connection in neuroplasticity

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Neurorehabilitation in Post-Stroke Patients

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