Palaeocurrents in Mesopotamian geosyncline

Kukal, Zdeněk; Saadallah, Adnan A.

doi:10.1007/bf01823815

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…al-Juboury et al 2001) and extending farther downstream (e.g. Philip 1968;Kukal and Saadallah 1970;Naqash and al-Shaibani 1976;Jassim 1981;Domas and Taufiq 1987;Minarikova 2004), including in the vicinity of Baghdad (*400 km downstream of Mosul). However, our work on the Euphrates (e.g.…”

Section: Regional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

Late Cenozoic surface uplift, basaltic volcanism, and incision by the River Tigris around Diyarbakır, SE Turkey

Westaway

Guillou

Seyrek

et al. 2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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We document the staircase of terraces of the River Tigris in the Diyarbakır area of SE Turkey, in the northern Arabian Platform, and improve control on the ages of these terrace deposits by dating of overlying basalt flows using the unspiked K-Ar technique. These fluvial terraces are formed of polymict gravel, including clasts derived from the Anatolian metamorphic terrane farther north as well as of local basalt. At least 9 Tigris terraces have been recognised so far, the highest of which, *200 m above present river level, marks the local transition from stacked deposition to fluvial incision, the timing of which is bounded between the mid Late Miocene and the Middle Pliocene. Our K-Ar dating indicates a hiatus in fluvial incision in the late Early Pleistocene, as basalts dated to 1.22 ± 0.02 and 1.07 ± 0.03 Ma overlie Tigris gravels at very similar levels, *60-70 m above the present river. The lower terraces record the subsequent entrenchment of the modern Tigris valley following an increase in incision rates in the early Middle Pleistocene, evident from the disposition of younger basalt, dated to 0.43 ± 0.02 Ma, capping fluvial gravel only *21-22 m above the present river level. Numerical modelling can account for the observed uplift history, as the response to coupling between surface processes and induced flow in the lower crust, with the mobile lower-crust thin (*5-7 km thick), consistent with the known presence of a thick layer of mafic underplating at the base of the crust beneath the Arabian Platform.

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Section: Regional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

Late Cenozoic surface uplift, basaltic volcanism, and incision by the River Tigris around Diyarbakır, SE Turkey

Westaway

Guillou

Seyrek

et al. 2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…2), resemble to the facies of the model by Allen (1964) and Miall (1977Miall ( , 1978Miall ( , 1988; it agrees also with Basi (2007) work on the subsurface section on Injana Formation near Sammarraa, and with Al-Banna (1982) work on the same formation in the north of Iraq, who concluded meandering or braided environment of deposition of upper part. The main direction of involved paleocurrents of fluvial system were from north east to south east (Kukal and Saadallah, 1970) which resulted from Zagros Belt uplift, and was caused by plate tectonic convergence of Arabian and Iranian plates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injana Formation (Late Miocene) comprises claystone, siltstone, mudstone and sandstone rock units (Bellen et al, 1959). Many authors studied its paleocurrent (Kukal and Saadallah, 1970), stratigraphy and sedimentology (Al-Naqib, 1959;Basi, 1973;Al-Mubarak and Youkhana, 1976;Al-Sammarai, 1978;Jassim et al, 1984;Al-Rawi et al, 1993;Al-Zubaidi, 2004). Facies analysis of its exposures, north Baghdad between Baiji and Sammarraa, showed many fining upward cycles of meandering fluvial system (Basi, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies Analysis and New Discovery of a Mastodont From Injana Formation (Late Miocene) Near Tharthar Lake- Middle of Iraq

Zubaidi¹

2018

binhm

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The study area comprises Injana Formation (Late Miocene), exposed on the hills nearby of Tharthar Lake and about 120 km north of Baghdad city. This study depends on sedimentologic and facies analysis to recognize paleoenvironment and recognize the kinds of vertebrate bone fossils during Late Miocene. Sedimentologic and facies analysis showed many sedimentary facies: facies (Se) of scoured erosional surface, facies of (Sp) crossbedded sandstones, facies (Fs) of fine sandstone facies, facies of (Fc) claystone, and facies of (C) calcareous clay. Facies analysis referred to the sub environments which are: point bar, over bank and floodplain in addition to fining upward cycles of deposition, which refers to meandering fluvial depositional environment. Large vertebrate bone fossils were collected from the study area; the studied bone fossils probably are related to Proboscidea, Mastodont of Hemrin, which is named (Hemrin Mastodont). The current study considered the studied bone fossil as a new discovery of Proboscidea, Mastodont, which can be named (Tharthar Mastodont) after the name of the collection site of Tharthar Lake, from Injana Formation (Late Miocene), middle of Iraq. It was living near meandering fluvial environment which provided also plant diversity for herbivores.

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“…The study area is situated within a flood plain with quaternary sediments. The sediment is made up of gravel, sand, and salt, mostly deltaic, lacustrine, and fluviatile sediments [10], [11].…”

Section: Materials and Methods: 21 Location Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between the Variation of Electrical Resistivity Values and Moisture of Soil at Baghdad University, Iraq

AL-Mahemmdi,

Al-Banna,

AL-Menshed

2023

Iraqi Journal of Science

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Six ERI profiles using Wenner Schlumberger array were carried out at Baghdad University (ALJadiriya campus) to investigate soil at two sites. The spacing between electrodes of four profiles surrounding the new building in the Campus at the first site is 1 m, and the profile length ranges from 50 to 90 m. In comparison, two across profiles in the garden to detect water seepage in the site. The inverted model of the studied profiles shows many high and low resistivity zone. The sedimentology and mineralogy of the soil samples analysis from a depth range of 15 to 100 cm from three pits confirm the high homogeneity of the soil in the studied site composed of (silt and clay). The low resistivity values coincided with the moisture and amount of vegetable and herbs growth. Therefore, the authors believe the main factor causing variation in the resistivity value in the study area is the moisture Factor.

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Palaeocurrents in Mesopotamian geosyncline

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Late Cenozoic surface uplift, basaltic volcanism, and incision by the River Tigris around Diyarbakır, SE Turkey

Late Cenozoic surface uplift, basaltic volcanism, and incision by the River Tigris around Diyarbakır, SE Turkey

Facies Analysis and New Discovery of a Mastodont From Injana Formation (Late Miocene) Near Tharthar Lake- Middle of Iraq

The Relation Between the Variation of Electrical Resistivity Values and Moisture of Soil at Baghdad University, Iraq

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