Palaeoseismicity in relation to basin tectonics as revealed from soft-sediment deformation structures of the Lower Triassic Panchet formation, Raniganj basin (Damodar valley), eastern India

Abstract

The Raniganj basin in the Damodar valley of eastern India is located within the riftogenic Gondwana Master-Basin. The fluvio-lacustrine deposits of the Lower Triassic Panchet formation of the Damodar valley in the study area preserve various soft-sediment deformation structures such as slump folds, convolute laminae, flame structures, dish-and-pillar structures, sandstone dykes, pseudonodules and syn-sedimentary faults. Although such soft-sediment deformation structures maybe formed by various processes, in the present area the association of these structures, their relation to the adjacent sedimentary rocks and the tectonic and depositional setting of the formation suggest that these structures are seismogenic. Movements along the basin margin and the intra-basinal faults and resultant seismicity with moderate magnitude (2-5 on Richter scale) are thought to have been responsible for the soft-sediment deformations.

Soft sediment deformation structures in the Lixian lacustrine sediments, eastern Tibetan Plateau and implications for postglacial seismic activity

“…Slump folds usually develop in fine-grained sediments in tectonically active regions, such as the Late Pleistocene Lisan lacustrine sediments in the Dead Sea Basin Marco, 2013, 2014), the Middle Pleistocene lacustrine deposits of the Tecopa Basin in California (Garcia-Tortosa et al, 2011), the Early Pleistocene deltaic deposits of the Baza Basin in the Southeastern Spain (Gibert et al, 2005), the Lower Triassic Panchet Formation in the eastern India (Kundu et al, 2011), and the Proterozoic Singhbhum tidal succession in India (Bhattacharya and Bandyopadhyay, 1998). In this study, slump folds occur at four stratigraphic levels: 6.3 m (9.3 ka), 12.5 m (13.3 ka), 13.3 m (13.8 ka), and 21.9 m (15.6 ka) (Fig.…”

“…, the Raniganj Basin in eastern India(Kundu et al, 2011), and the Xinmocun lacustrine section in Simplified lithological column of the Lixian lacustrine section and positions of the SSD layers.…”

The Use of Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures As Proxies For Paleoseismic Activity And Shaking: A Review

“…folds to complex contortions. However, if the disturbance were due to uvial processes, then it is likely that the deformation caused by liquefaction and uidization would have taken place just only near the sedimentary surface (Kundu et al, 2011). Structures typical of rapid pore-water movements (Li et al, 1996), slope failure (Alsop and Marco, 2011), channel erosion (Dasgupta, 1998) and permafrost (Vandenberghe, 1992) were not observed.…”

Slump folds within mid-Miocene crevasse-splay deposits: a unique example from the Tomisławice lignite opencast mine in central Poland

“…1). Geo met ri cally sim i lar folds are widely de scribed among sed i men tary rocks rang ing in age from Pre cam brian to mod ern (e.g., Leedal and Walker, 1950;Strachan and Alsop, 2006;Dasgupta, 2008;Strachan, 2008;van Loon, 2009;Alsop and Marco, 2011;Kundu et al, 2011;TaţgÏn et al, 2011;Waldron and Gagnon, 2011;Moretti and Van Loon, 2014;Whitmore et al, 2015;Alsop et al, 2016;Olabode, 2016;Byun et al, 2019 and ref er ences therein).…”