Paleo-deviatoric stress magnitudes from calcite twins and related structural permeability evolution in minor faults: Example from the toarcian shale of the French Causses Basin, Aveyron, France

Constantin, Joël; Laurent, Philippe; Vergély, P.; Cabrera, Justo

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2006.09.014

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The experiment was performed at 250 m depth in a tunnel of the underground laboratory of Tournemire (France) (Figure 1a). The tunnel allows a direct access to a 250 m thick Toarcian shale formation [Constantin et al, 2007] characterized by a low porosity (8-12%) and a low permeability (10 À18 to 10 À22 m 2 ) [Bonin, 1998;Boisson et al, 2001]. Injections were performed across a~20 m long and N0°-70-to-80°W segment of a fault of kilometer scale.…”

Section: Fluid Injection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic velocity changes associated with aseismic deformations of a fault stimulated by fluid injection

Rivet

Barros

Guglielmi

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Fluid pressure plays an important role in the stability of tectonic faults. However, the in situ mechanical response of faults to fluid pressure variations is still poorly known. To address this question, we performed a fluid injection experiment in a fault zone in shales while monitoring fault movements at the injection source and seismic velocity variations from a near‐distance (<10 m) monitoring network. We measured and located the P and S wave velocity perturbations in and around the fault using repetitive active sources. We observed that seismic velocity perturbations dramatically increase above 1.5 MPa of injection pressure. This is consistent with an increase of fluid flow associated with an aseismic dilatant shearing of the fault as shown by numerical modeling. We find that seismic velocity changes are sensitive to both fault opening by fluid invasion and effective stress variations and can be an efficient measurement for monitoring fluid‐driven aseismic deformations of faults.

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Section: Fluid Injection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic velocity changes associated with aseismic deformations of a fault stimulated by fluid injection

Rivet

Barros

Guglielmi

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The analysis of calcite twins on several veins in fault zones in the studied area (1 km 2 around the Tournemire URL, Fig. 1), Constantin et al (2007) estimated that the paleo-deviatoric stress (σ1-σ3) at the onset of the Pyrenean tectonic inversion was ≥40-50 MPa.…”

Section: Download High-res Image (1mb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fault zones affecting shale formations, self-healing of fractures and sealing with calcitecement, limits the permeability increase of both the damage and core zones (Constantin et al, 2004, Nussbaum et al, 2011. Other processes than grain size reduction can influence the permeability of the fault core, such as mineral reorientation (Charpentier et al, 2003, Constantin et al, 2007, Arch and Maltman, 1990. Laboratory experiments on clay rich fault cores show that, for a given porosity and effective stress, shearing generally results in permeability decrease both along and across the shear zone (Wibberley et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcite veins as an indicator of fracture dilatancy and connectivity during strike-slip faulting in Toarcian shale (Tournemire tunnel, Southern France)

Lefevre

Guglielmi

Henry

et al. 2016

Journal of Structural Geology

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Calcite veins as an indicator of fracture dilatancy and connectivity during strike-slip faulting in Toarcian shale (Tournemire tunnel, Southern France) Author links open overlay panelMélodyLefèvre a YvesGuglielmi a PierreHenry a PierreDick b ClaudeGout c Show more https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.01.002 Get rights and content Highlights • Cathode-luminescence observations indicate that two phases of vein formation occurred. • Fluids circulations mainly off the shear surfaces in centimeter scale dilatant volumes. • Relationships between calcite concentration and strain partition around the fault main slip surface. AbstractThe reactivation of faults induced by natural/human induced fluid pressure increases is a major concern to explain subsurface fluid migration and to estimate the risk of losing the integrity of reservoir/seal systems. This study focusses on paleo-fluid migration in a strike slip fault with >100 m long, affecting a Toarcian shale (Causses Basin, France).A high calcite concentration is observed in a 5 cm thick zone at the boundary between the fault core and damage zone. Cumulated displacements in this zone are of millimeter-to-centimeter-scale offsets and different dilatant deformation textures are observed. The zone is affected by thin slip planes containing gouge. Cathodoluminescence observations indicate that two phases of vein formation occurred. The first phase coincides with the fluid migration along this centimeter thick dilatant zone.The second one is associated to re-shear along the millimeter thick slip planes that results in more localized mineralization, but also in a better hydrologic connection through the shale formation. These results show that in shales fluids may migrate off a slipping surface in centimeter scale dilatant volumes, at first controlled by the intact shale anisotropy related to bedding and then favored by brecciating, structures reorientation and strengthening processes induced by calcite sealing effects. 

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“…These states of stress can be evaluated from the analysis of the twinning of calcite filling the veins and the mineralized cores of faults. Constantin et al (2007) have analysed the relationship between deformation and so-called fluid paleotransfers in minor faults in an argillaceous formation located in the Causses Basin (France). They attempted at estimating paleo-differential stress magnitudes under which the fault activity may have occurred and consequently, the change in the structural fault permeability, using the CSIT.…”

Section: Paleo-differential Stress Magnitudes From Calcitementioning

confidence: 99%

Calcite Twins, a Tool for Tectonic Studies in Thrust Belts and Stable Orogenic Forelands

Lacombe

2010

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Résumé -Les macles de la calcite, un outil pour les études tectoniques dans les chaînes plissées et les avant-pays peu déformés des orogènes -Les macles de la calcite sont utilisées depuis longtemps comme indicateurs de paléocontraintes et comme marqueurs de la déformation finie, en orientations comme en grandeurs. Au cours des 15 dernières années, des améliorations importantes des méthodes d'analyses existantes ont été réalisées et ont donné lieu à de nouvelles applications dans les chaînes plissées et les avant-pays peu déformés des orogènes. Cet article résume le principe des méthodes les plus utilisées en tectonique et illustre quelques apports de l'analyse des macles de la calcite pour la caractérisation non seulement des orientations et des grandeurs des paléocontraintes et de la déformation finie, mais également dans une certaine mesure de la paléotempérature et du paléoenfouissement. Cette revue se fonde en grande partie sur les études régionales que j'ai effectuées dans des contextes géologiques variés, comme les avant-pays des chaînes de Taiwan, des Pyrénées, du Zagros, des Rocheuses et des Albanides. Cet article discutera également la contribution de l'étude des macles de la calcite à la compréhension de la transmission des contraintes orogéniques en domaine intraplaque. Abstract -Calcite Twins, a Tool for Tectonic Studies in Thrust Belts and Stable OrogenicForelands -Calcite twins have been used for a long time as indicators of stress/strain orientations and magnitudes. Recent developments during the last 15 years point toward significant improvements of existing techniques as well as new applications of calcite twin analysis in thrust belts and forelands. This paper summarizes the principles of the most common techniques in this tectonic field and illustrates some aspects of the use of calcite twins to constrain not only stress/strain orientations and magnitudes, but also to some extent paleotemperature or paleoburial in orogenic forelands. This review is based in a large part on the studies that I conducted in various geological settings such as the forelands of Taiwan, Pyrenees, Zagros, Rockies and Albanides orogens. The contribution of calcite twin analysis to the understanding of the intraplate stress transmission away from plate boundaries is also emphasized.

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Paleo-deviatoric stress magnitudes from calcite twins and related structural permeability evolution in minor faults: Example from the toarcian shale of the French Causses Basin, Aveyron, France

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Seismic velocity changes associated with aseismic deformations of a fault stimulated by fluid injection

Seismic velocity changes associated with aseismic deformations of a fault stimulated by fluid injection

Calcite veins as an indicator of fracture dilatancy and connectivity during strike-slip faulting in Toarcian shale (Tournemire tunnel, Southern France)

Calcite Twins, a Tool for Tectonic Studies in Thrust Belts and Stable Orogenic Forelands

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