Paleoecology of Early Pennsylvanian vegetation on a seasonally dry tropical landscape (Tynemouth Creek Formation, New Brunswick, Canada)

Morphodynamics of rivers strongly affected by monsoon precipitation: Review of depositional style and forcing factors

“…Root traces are another common in-channel trace fossil on accretion set boundaries. Root traces may occur on upper parts of bars only, if the channel maintains some base flow perennially (e.g., Singh and Bhardwaj, 1991;Singh et al, 1993Singh et al, , 2007Shukla et al, 2001;, or occur throughout the channel fills, where channels are seasonally dry (e.g., Fielding et al, 2009;Allen et al, 2011Allen et al, , 2013Allen et al, , 2014Plink-Björklund and Birgenheier, 2013;Bashforth et al, 2014). Variable degree of pedogenic modification accompanies the occurrence of terrestrial traces, in places indicating sustained subaerial exposure (e.g., Hasiotis, 2004) (Fig.…”

“…(c) Centroclinal cross strata, (d) upturned bedding around a former tree, and (e) three broken Calamites, Pennsylvanian Sydney Mines Fm., Nova Scotia (from Allen et al(2014)). (f) Upright cordaitalean (Dadoxylon) tree, and (g) complete Cordaites leaves in Pennsylvanian Tynemouth Creek Fm., Canada (from Bashforth et al(2014)). (h) Small in situ tree fossil encased in channel sandstone, showing tilting in down-paleoflow direction (to right) and upstream-trailing roots (to left) in Pennsylvanian Maritimes basin (from Fielding et al(2009)).…”

“…In Table 1, 60% of the river systems are identified as fluvial fans (Table 1), as fluvial megafans (Kumar, 1993;Singh et al, 1993Singh et al, , 2007Willis, 1993;Zaleha, 1997;Nakayama and Ulak, 1999;Shukla et al, 2001;Thomas et al, 2002;Kumar et al, 2003;Uba et al, 2005;PlinkBjörklund and Birgenheier, 2013;Bashforth et al, 2014;PlinkBjörklund et al, 2014a), terminal fans (Abdullatif, 1989;Bromley, 1991;Kelly and Olsen, 1993;Rhee and Chough, 1993;Sadler and Kelly, 1993;North and Taylor, 1996;Newell et al, 1999), terminal distributary systems (Billi, 2007), fluvial distributary systems (Nichols and Hirst, 1998;Nichols and Fisher, 2007;Fisher et al, 2008), distributive fluvial systems , and undifferentiated fluvial fans (Turner, 1986;Croke et al, 1998;Hampton and Horton, 2007;Nielsen et al, 2007;Saez et al, 2007;Donselaar et al, 2013). Fluvial fans are large fan shaped sedimentary bodies that are built by rivers (Fig.…”

Plant architecture and spatial structure of an early Permian woodland buried by flood waters, Sangre de Cristo Formation, New Mexico

“…For the most part, such deposits represent wetland assemblages and comprise plants that are well known, often to the specific level (e.g., Libertín et al, 2009;Opluštil et al, 2009;Thomas, 2013). In situ preservation of plants from seasonally dry habitats is reported less frequently than from wetlands Bashforth et al, 2014), which is perhaps more a function of the dearth of artificial exposures, such as those created by coal mining, than an actual taphonomic bias. The deposit described here most likely never would have been discovered were it not for commercial quarrying of the host rock for flagstone.…”

Plant Fossils from the Pennsylvanian–Permian Transition in Western Pangea, Abo Pass, New Mexico

“…Thus, we believe the presence of dryland plants, so rare within stratigraphic sequences of the Pennsylvanian coal measures but present in these western Pangean basins as part of floras that are compositionally and sedimentologically distinct from the wetland floras (e.g., Galtier et al, 1992;Falcon-Lang et al, 2009;Plotnick et al, 2009;Bashforth et al, 2014Bashforth et al, , 2016, calls for setting the default climate at the dry end of the spectrum represented by the plant groups n u m b e r 9 9 • 3 5 that are present. The remainder of the flora indicates a heterogeneous landscape of the kind that is more typical of settings with seasonal rainfall than of strongly humid to perhumid climates.…”