Paleoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the São Luís Craton, Brazil: Evidence from Zircon Geochronology and Sm-Nd Isotopes

Klein, Evandro Luíz; Moura, Cândido Augusto Veloso; Pinheiro, Bruno Luís Silva

doi:10.1016/s1342-937x(05)71116-3

Cited by 49 publications

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“…The belt and its reworked basement include rock units of varied nature and ages ranging from Archean to Eocambrian (Klein et al 2005b, Palheta et al 2009). …”

Section: Regional Geology Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rocks are discontinuously exposed in erosive or tectonic windows within the sedimentary cover (Gorayeb et al 1999). The main lithological associations are meta-volcanosedimentary sequences and granitoids (Gorayeb et al 1999, Klein et al 2005b.Despite recent advances in knowledge of the evolution of the São Luís Craton, systematic and more detailed studies are needed owing to the wide variety of the rocks of this tectonic unit, the difficulties of access, the restriction of outcrops and the extensive Phanerozoic cover.The study area is located approximately 70 km south of São Luís, in Maranhão State, northeastern of Brazil, where the easternmost fragment of the craton is exposed as a set of granitic rocks named by Rodrigues et al (1994) and Gorayeb et al (1999) as the Rosário Suite (Fig. 1).…”

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Rhyacian evolution of the eastern São Luís Craton: petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of the Rosário Suite

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ABSTRACT:The São Luís Cráton comprises an area between northeast Pará state and northwest Maranhão that exposes Paleoproterozoic granitic suites and meta-volcanosedimentary sequences. In the east of this geotectonic unit, about 70 km south of São Luís, there is a portion of the São Luís Craton, represented by the intrusive Rosario Suite (RS). This work is focused on rocks of this suite, including petrographic, lithochemical and geochronological studies to understand the crustal evolution of these granitoid rocks. The rock spectrum varies from tonalitic to granodioritic, quartz dioritic and granitic compositions, and there are partial structural and mineralogical changes related to deformation along transcurrent shear zones. The geochemical studies show granitic metaluminous compositions of the calc-alkaline series with I-type affinity typical of magmatic arc. Rare earth elements show marked fractionation and slight Eu positive or negative anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.82 to 1.1). Zircon U-Pb data provided consistent ages of 2165 ± 7 Ma, 2170 ± 7 Ma, 2170 ± 7 Ma, 2161 ± 4 Ma and 2175 ± 8 Ma, dating emplacement of these granitoids as Paleoproterozoic (Rhyacian). Sm-Nd isotopic data provided model ages (T DM ) of 2.21 to 2.31 Ga with positive values of εNd +1.9 to +3.2 (t = 2.17 Ga), indicating predominantly Rhyacian crustal sources for the parental magmas, similar to those ones found in other areas of the São Luís Craton. The data, integrated with published geological and geochronological information, indicate the occurrence of an important continental crust formation event in this area. The Paleoproterozoic evolution between 2.17 and 2.15 Ga is related to the Transamazonian orogeny. The granitoids of the Rosario Suite represent the main phase of continental arc magmatism that has continuity in other parts of the São Luís Craton and can be correlated with Rhyacian accretionary magmatism in the northwestern portion of the Amazonian Craton that amalgamated Archean terrains during the Transamazonian orogeny.KEYWORDS: Rosário Suite; São Luís Craton; Petrology; U-Pb geochronology; Sm-Nd T DM . RESUMO: O Cráton INTRODUCTIONIn models of global supercontinent reconstruction, the São Luís Craton and the northeastern portion of the Amazonian Craton (to the east of the Guayana Shield) have been considered remnants of the West African Craton preserved in the northern South American Platform after the breakup of the Pangea Supercontinent (Hurley et al. 1967, Torquato & Cordani 1981, Lesquer et al. 1984, Brito Neves et al. 2000.On the African side, several studies based on structural, geochemical, geophysical and geochronological data demonstrate the existence of Archean and dominantly juvenile Paleoproterozoic crust (Abouchami et al. 1990, Boher et al. 1992, Gasquet et al. 2003. On the Brazilian side, the northern part of the Amazonian Craton and São Luís Craton have demonstrated geochronological and evolutionary similarities. In this part of the Amazonian Craton, the ancient continental crust stabilized in the Archean is bordered by...

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“…The belt and its reworked basement include rock units of varied nature and ages ranging from Archean to Eocambrian (Klein et al 2005b, Palheta et al 2009). …”

Section: Regional Geology Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhyacian evolution of the eastern São Luís Craton: petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of the Rosário Suite

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“…The metamorphic conditions are predominantly greenschist facies, but locally reached lower amphibolite facies. This supracrustal sequence is considered to have formed in island-are setting (Klein et al 2005a). Zircon geochronology of this sequence is still limited.…”

Section: The São Luís Cratonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite unavoidable and continuous debate, knowledge of the geology and tectonic evolution of the northwestern African terrains has experienced significant advances in the last 15 years (Abouchami et al 1990;Feybesse & Milési 1994;Trompette 1997;Egal et al 2002;Caby 2003, and many others). In Brazil, only recently the geological evolution of the São Luís Craton and Gurupi Belt became better understood, on the basis of regional mapping programmes (Pastana 1995;Costa 2000), more robust geochronological information and reinterpretation of tectonic settings (Klein & Moura 2001, 2003Moura et al 2003;Klein et al 2005a, b).…”

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São Luís Craton and Gurupi Belt (Brazil): possible links with the West African Craton and surrounding Pan-African belts

Klein

Moura

2008

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The São Luís Craton and the Palaeoproterozoic basement rocks of the Neoproterozoic Gurupi Belt in northern Brazil are part of an orogen having an early accretionary phase at 2240-2150 Ma and a late collisional phase at 2080 + 20 Ma. Geological, geochronological and isotopic evidence, along with palaeogeographic reconstructions, strongly suggest that these Brazilian terrains were contiguous with the West African Craton in Palaeoproterozoic times, and that this landmass apparently survived subsequent continental break-up until its incorporation in Rodinia.The Gurupi Belt is an orogen developed in the southern margin of the West African-São Luís Craton at c. 750-550 Ma, after the break up of Rodinia. Factors such as present-day and possible past geographical positions, the timing of a few well-characterized events, the structural polarity and internal structure of the belt, in addition to other indirect evidence, all favour correlation between the Gurupi Belt and other Brasiliano/Pan-African belts, especially the Médio Coreaú domain of the Borborema Province and the Trans-Saharan Belt of Africa, despite the lack of proven physical links between them. These Neoproterozoic belts are part of the branched system of orogens associated with amalgamation of the Amazonian, West Africa-São Luís, São Francisco and other cratons and minor continental blocks into the West Gondwana supercontinent.

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Paleogeographic and Kinematic Constraints in the Tectonic Evolution of the Pre-Andean Basement Blocks

Rapalini

Geuna

Franceschinis

et al. 2018

The Evolution of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes

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Paleoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the São Luís Craton, Brazil: Evidence from Zircon Geochronology and Sm-Nd Isotopes

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

Rhyacian evolution of the eastern São Luís Craton: petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of the Rosário Suite

Rhyacian evolution of the eastern São Luís Craton: petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of the Rosário Suite

São Luís Craton and Gurupi Belt (Brazil): possible links with the West African Craton and surrounding Pan-African belts

Paleogeographic and Kinematic Constraints in the Tectonic Evolution of the Pre-Andean Basement Blocks

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