Palladium and silk fibroin-containing magnetic nano-biocomposite: a highly efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst in Heck coupling reactions

Visible Light Mediated Heck Coupling of Inactivated Aryl Fluoride/Chloride Over a Sulfonic Acid Functionalized, Melamine‐based Metal‐free Porphyrin Photocatalyst

“…The minor change in the yield observed for 12 W evidenced that a 5 W light source is sufficient for the generation of excitons during photocatalytic CÀ C coupling. The same reac- ChemistrySelect tion under natural solar light yielded the maximum 78 % yield for the product and in dark gives no products (Table 1, entry 19,20). Additionally, MBMFPc photocatalyst recorded appreciable TON (4,51,948) and TOF (22,597 h À 1 ) indicating suitability for CÀ C coupling of inactivated aryl chlorides and aryl fluoride.…”

“…[16] The magnetically separable catalysts containing Pd-nanoparticles were quite effective for CÀ C coupling, tolerating a variety of olefins, giving a negligible loss of costly Pd which otherwise got leached in the product. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Kaur et al adapted a simple, highly proficient, environmentally benign catalytic route for Heck coupling, by using PdÀ Ni alloy nanoparticles in aqueous ethanol under microwaves conditions. [27] The concept of microwave heating was followed by Tomohiro and his group for CÀ C coupling using heterogeneous Pd catalyst supported over anion-exchange resin in common organic solvents like acetonitrile, toluene and N, N-dimethylacetamide.…”

“…Incorporating a magnetic base in designing photocatalyst was found quite effective in quick separation and re‐usability and with this strategy, magnetic Fe 3 O 4 ‐Polyamidoamine supported cobalt nanoparticle (magnetic‐Fe 3 O 4 NP/PAMAM‐Co NP) [15] and two catalysts viz the magnetic melamine‐cyanuric chloride functionalized cobalt nanoparticle supported chitosan (Melamine‐cyanuric/Co‐MNPs/CS) catalyst and cyanuric chloride‐bromohydroxybenzaldehyde functionalized cobalt nanoparticle supported chitosan (cyanuric‐ bromohydroxybenzaldehyde/Co‐MNPs/CS) catalysts have been illustrated as successful protocols for the coupling of aryl halides with alkene affording good to excellent yields [16] . The magnetically separable catalysts containing Pd‐nanoparticles were quite effective for C−C coupling, tolerating a variety of olefins, giving a negligible loss of costly Pd which otherwise got leached in the product [17–26] …”

Facile synthesis of multifunctional magnetic porous organic polymers with high catalytic performance and dye adsorption capacity

“…29 First, MNPs were obtained as described in our previous work. 30 FeCl 2 ·4H 2 O (1.789 g) and FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O (4.865 g) were added to 90 mL distilled water, and the mixture was sonicated for complete dissolution. Ten milliliters of NH 4 OH solution were added to this mixture, which was continuously stirred.…”

Palladium Supported on Bioinspired Materials as Catalysts for C–C Coupling Reactions

“…Silk fibroin was used by Koukabi's group [145] to prepare an efficient magnetically separable palladium supported nano-biocomposite. Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were first coated with the protein, and in the following step, the fibroin-palladium complex was formed according to a green procedure avoiding organic solvents.…”