Palmaria palmata as an alternative protein source: enzymatic protein extraction, amino acid composition, and nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor

Bjarnadóttir, Málfríður; Aðalbjörnsson, Björn Viðar; Nilsson, Anna; Šližytė, Rasa; Roleda, Michael Y.; Hreggviðsson, Guðmundur Ó.; Friðjónsson, Ólafur H.; Jónsdóttir, Rosa

doi:10.1007/s10811-017-1351-8

Cited by 69 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The first step was to determine the best conditions for temperature, pH, the ratio of seaweed to water and enzyme combination. In accordance with the results reported in the literature [ 5 , 23 ], the ratios of seaweed to water selected were 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25. Enzyme concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4% w / w were used.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Applying Alcalase ® led to the hydrolysis of peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain forming the protein, and this is most likely the reason for the significantly improved protein extraction. It has also been reported that the protein extraction efficiency could be increased if there was no limitation and pre-defined framework with respect to pH and temperature [ 4 , 5 , 23 ]. For example, the extraction efficiency for Palmaria palmata could reach up to 90% by using the combination of Alcalase ® and Shearzyme ® or Alcalase ® and Celluclast ® at pH 8 and the concentration of 0.2% for each one at a temperature of 50 °C for 14 h [ 5 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Extraction and Quality of Protein and Carrageenan from Commercial Spinosum (Eucheuma denticulatum)

Naseri

Jacobsen

Sejberg³

et al. 2020

Foods

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Seaweeds contain many valuable compounds that can be used in the food industry. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide which has been extracted from seaweed for centuries and is used as a texturizer in food and non-food products. However, seaweeds contain compounds other than carrageenan, such as proteins, which could also be extracted. This extraction should be done without compromising the industrial scale carrageenan extraction yield and quality. This study aimed at up-stream protein extraction from red seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum by using of an optimized enzyme-assisted extraction, including of an aqueous/enzymatic treatment followed by alkaline extraction, and then the commercial carrageenan extraction. The protein extraction efficiency of four enzymes was evaluated including Celluclast® 1.5L, Shearzyme® 500 L, Alcalase® 2.4 L FG and Viscozyme® L at a concentration of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4% (w/w). To avoid detrimental effects on carrageenan, all the experiments were performed at pH 7 at room temperature. The results showed that 0.2% w/w Alcalase® or Viscozyme® added individually achieved the highest protein extraction efficiencies (59 and 48%, respectively) at pH 7 and room temperature (p < 0.05). Determination of the most common carrageenan quality parameters indicated that using any of these enzymes had no negative effect on the carrageenan yield and quality.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Extraction and Quality of Protein and Carrageenan from Commercial Spinosum (Eucheuma denticulatum)

Naseri

Jacobsen

Sejberg³

et al. 2020

Foods

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show abstract

“…Total protein was extracted using TCA/acetone extraction method, and quantifying by Bradford () method. The extracted protein (10 mg) was kept in glass vessel, HCl (6 M, 500 μl) was added carefully, glass vessel was flushed with N 2 to create vacuum, sealed, and proceed for the hydrolysis at 110°C for 24 hr (Bjarnadóttir et al, ). Hydrolyzed samples and amino acid standards (AAS18, Sigma, USA) were vacuum dried.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic, flavonoid, and amino acid compositions reveal that selected tropical seaweeds have the potential to be functional food ingredients

Tanna

Brahmbhatt

Mishra

2019

J Food Process Preserv

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Seaweeds are a rich source of metabolites, including polyphenols, flavonoid, and amino acids, and have been used as food or food supplements in Asian countries since ancient times. Different metabolites are being reported from seaweeds worldwide, but there has been little reported, so far, on tropical seaweeds of the Arabian Sea coast. Eighteen abundant tropical seaweeds (7 green, 4 brown, and 7 red) were collected from the Saurashtra Coast of the Arabian Sea (Gujarat, India), and their phenolic, flavonoid, and amino acid compositions were studied. Liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of important polyphenols and flavonoids. High‐performance liquid chromatography detected ascorbic acid and 19 natural flavonoids, including gallic acid, catechins, myricetin, proanthocyanin, kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin, and lutein. The highest amount of ascorbic acid (26.3 mg/g DW) was detected in Ulva fasciata, followed by Ulva lactuca (20 mg/g DW) and Grateloupia indica (11.5 mg/g DW). All green and red seaweeds contained gallic acid, with the highest amount (9 mg/g DW) in Amphiroa anceps, followed by Caulerpa racemosa var. macrophysa (8.5 mg/g DW) and Caulerpa corynephora (4 mg/g DW). The highest catechin content was found in A. anceps (14 mg/g DW), followed by C. racemosa var. macrophysa and Spatoglossum asperum (11 mg/g DW). Amino acids are primary metabolites that are important in the human diet. Among the green seaweeds, the highest amounts of leucine (0.2 mg/g protein), lysine (0.5 mg/g protein), methionine (0.4 mg/g protein), phenylalanine (0.2 mg/g protein), valine (1.3 mg/g protein), proline (48 mg/g protein), and tyrosine (28 mg/g protein) were detected in Caulerpa spp. The highest amounts of the sulfur‐rich amino acids, methionine (1 mg/g protein), and cysteine (9 mg/g protein), were found in the red seaweed Gracilaria corticata. This study reveals that tropical seaweeds, including Caulerpa spp., Spatoglossum asperum, Stoechospermum polypodioides, Gracilaria corticata, and Grateloupia indica, are promising as functional food ingredients or dietary supplements for daily intake. Practical applications The present study demonstrates that tropical seaweeds, especially Caulerpa species (corynephora, racemosa and chemnitzia), S. asperum, S. polypodioides, G. corticata, and G. indica are rich source of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including ascorbic acid, gallic acid, catechins, myricetin, proanthocyanin, and essential amino acids. These metabolites are natural antioxidants and own high bioactivity. The article reveals the functional food or nutraceutical potential of tropical seaweeds. As practical perspective, tropical seaweeds such as Caulerpa has potential to be processed further as a functional food or may be explored for the extraction of nutraceuticals.

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“…The same authors also reported that there is a tendency of increasing the fiber and protein contents in the first harvest, but a reduction with the crop aging as a function of the increase of dry matter, and an increase in the C/N ratio. In this sense, Bjarnadóttir, Aðalbjörnsson, Nilsson, Slizyte, and Roleda, (2018) pointed out that the increasing of nitrogen enhances the production of glutamic acid, one of the main compounds responsible for the formation of proteins in vegetables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing, Production and Quality of Thornless Cactus Irrigated With Dairies Effluent

Reges¹,

Costa²,

Cunha³

et al. 2019

JAS

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The environmental pollution coming from dairies industries are the most hazardous of the economy sector due to the great amount of garbage produced. This work aimed it evaluating the dairies effluent on the morphometric, productive, bromatological, and nutritional effects of the thornless cactus. One trial was carried out it the Water Reuse Experimental Station during the period from April to December 2015. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks design, with five treatments and five replications, totaling 25 experimental units. The treatments were irrigation with water of well (T1), irrigation with 10% of annual dose plus water of well (T2), irrigation with 20% of annual dose plus water of well (T3), irrigation with 30% of annual dose plus water of well (T4), and irrigation with 40% of annual dose plus water of well (T5). The growth parameteres determinations parameteres (production and quality) of thornless cactus were achieved at 240 days after planting. The highest productivity (28.2 Mg ha-1) was achieved with the treatment T4. The nitrogen concentrations were significative to thornless cactus, whereas the treatment T4 increased mostly the Nitrogen content in the plants. Then, the T4 treatment predominated, since it enhanced the crop productivity about crude protein and Nitrogen contents.

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Palmaria palmata as an alternative protein source: enzymatic protein extraction, amino acid composition, and nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Multi-Extraction and Quality of Protein and Carrageenan from Commercial Spinosum (Eucheuma denticulatum)

Multi-Extraction and Quality of Protein and Carrageenan from Commercial Spinosum (Eucheuma denticulatum)

Phenolic, flavonoid, and amino acid compositions reveal that selected tropical seaweeds have the potential to be functional food ingredients

Growing, Production and Quality of Thornless Cactus Irrigated With Dairies Effluent

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