Palpebral sporotrichosis in a 6‐year‐old child

Soto, Max Carlos Ramírez; Andagua-Castro, Jonathan; Lizárraga-Trujillo, José

doi:10.1111/ijd.13383

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A total of 68 publications with 11,050 cases of sporotrichosis were found in South America [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 …”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Peru, from 4792 cases, S. schenckii was found in 4656 (97.16%), Sporothrix spp. and the Sporothrix complex in 116 (2.42%), S. schenkii sensu stricto in 19 (0.40%), and Sporothrix sensu lato in 1 (0.02%) [ 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 ]. There was 1 report of 157 cases of Sporothrix spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Peru, the most important pathogenic agents were Sporothrix spp. (99.54%), and S. schenckii (0.46%) [ 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 ]. In Uruguay, 100% of the cases were due to Sporothrix spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

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Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years. Methods: An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: “sporotrichosis”, “lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis”, “fixed sporotrichosis”, “mycosis”, “Sporothrix spp.”, “Sporothrix complex”, “S. schenckii sensu stricto”, “S. schenckii sensu lato”, “S. globose”, “S. brasiliensis”, “S. luriei”. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus associated with “pathogenicity” or “epidemiology”. Results: A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were S. schenckii complex/Sporothrix spp. (52.91%), S. schenckii (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used. Conclusions: There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Eyelid sporotrichosis is caused by S. schenckii and also by S. brasiliensis and S. globosa (Table 2) [8,11,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Among the adnexa ocular, 82% of these cases are limited to the eyelids [8].…”

Section: Sporotrichosis Palpebralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Sporotrichosis

Ramírez-Soto

Tirado‐Sánchez

Bonifáz

2021

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Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic mycosis predominant in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an infection of subcutaneous tissue caused by Sporothrix fungus species, but occasionally resulting in an extracutaneous condition, including osteoarticular, pulmonary, nervous central system, and ocular disease. Cases of ocular sporotrichosis are rare, but reports have been increasing in recent decades. Ocular infections usually occur in hyperendemic areas of sporotrichosis. For its classification, anatomic criteria are used. The clinical presentation is the infection in the ocular adnexal and intraocular infection. Ocular adnexa infections include palpebral, conjunctivitis, and infections of the lacrimal sac. Intraocular infection includes exogenous or endogenous endophthalmitis. Most infections in the ocular adnexal have been reported in Brazil, China and Peru, and intraocular infections are limited to the USA and Brazil. Diagnosis is performed from Sporothrix isolation in the mycological examination from ocular or skin samples. Both sporotrichosis in the ocular adnexa and intraocular infection can mimic several infectious and non-infectious medical conditions. Ocular adnexa infections are treated with potassium iodide and itraconazole. The intraocular infection is treated with amphotericin B. This review describes the clinical findings and epidemiological, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular sporotrichosis.

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