PAN-based carbon nanofiber absorbents prepared using electrospinning

Su, Ching‐Iuan; Huang, Yao-Xian; Wong, Jhih-Wei; Lu, Ching-Hsiang; Wang, Chih–Ming

doi:10.1007/s12221-012-0436-x

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is well-known that the heat-capacity difference between PAN fibers and bulk PAN resulted in the heat flow difference in the DSC thermograms. The PAN fibers were cyclized only by a free radical mechanism, revealing one peak [18]. Additionally, the stabilized PAN fibers revealed a higher cyclization temperature than the bulk PAN polymer, suggesting that more thermal energy is needed for cyclization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of electrospun polyacrylonitrile- derived carbon fibers and comparison of properties with bulk form

2018

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This study deals with the fabrication of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers via an electrospinning process followed by stabilizing and carbonization in order to remove all non-carboneous matter and ensure a pure carboneous material. The as-spun PAN fibers were stabilized in air at 270°C for one hour and then carbonized at 750, 850, and 950°C in an inert atmosphere (argon) for another one hour. Differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy were employed to determine the thermal and chemical properties of PAN. Surface features and morphologies of PAN-derived carbon nanofibers were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM micrograms showed that fiber diameters were reduced after carbonization due to evolution of toxic gases and dehydrogenation. The Raman spectra of carbonized fibers manifested D/G peaks. The Raman spectroscopy peaks of 1100 and 500 cm-1 manifested the formation of γ phase and another peak at 900 cm-1 manifested the formation of α-phase. The water contact angle measurement of carbonized PAN fibers indicated that the nanofibers were superhydrophobic (θ > 150o) due to the formation of bumpy and pitted surface after carbonization. In DSC experiment, the stabilized fibers showed a broad exothermic peak at 308°C due to cyclization process. The mechanical andThermal analysis was used to ascertain mechanical properties of carbonized PAN fibers. PAN-derived carbon nanofibers possess excellent physica and mechanical properties and therefore, they may be suitable for many industrial applications such as energy, biomedical, and aerospace.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of electrospun polyacrylonitrile- derived carbon fibers and comparison of properties with bulk form

2018

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“…Based on the TG/DTA results, the NFs were dried at 150°C for 5 hours to remove DMF. The NFs were calcined at 500°C and 800°C, for PAN cyclization and carbonization . The FT‐IR spectra of Cu, CuSn, Sn, and PAN NFs dried at 150°C were shown in Figure A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cu and Sn precursor solutions for the electrospinning process were prepared by dissolving copper (II) acetate (Cu (CH 3 COO) 2 , KANTO CHEMICAL CO., INC.), tin chloride dihydrate (SnCl 2 2H 2 O, Alfa Aesar), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN, (C 3 H 3 N) x , MW: ~150,000, Polysciences, Inc.) in dimethylformamide (DMF, JUNSEI). PAN was used to regulate the viscosity of the precursor solutions . In addition, because PAN has the property of retaining its fibrous geometry even after heat treatment at high temperatures, we have studied the characteristics of CuSn NFs after calcination at various temperatures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of physicochemical properties of CuSn‐based PAN nanofibers prepared via electrospinning method

Choi

Park

Kang

et al. 2019

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Copper-tin (CuSn) nanomaterials have been receiving substantial attention due to their excellent thermal, electrical, and optical properties. However, how such properties are affected based on heat treatment temperature and chemical composition of copper and tin is still not very well understood. In this paper, CuSn nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning a precursor solution of polyacrylonitrile, copper, and tin. Calcination temperatures were selected using thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) results. Analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) were employed to investigate the physicochemical properties of the CuSn nanofibers. SEM images and EDS revealed the formation of pores on the nanofibers and high concentrations of tin were in the core, while copper was located on the surface. XRD results confirmed the monoclinic phase of Cu 6 Sn 5 for the CuSn nanofibers because peaks for diffraction angles at 27.6°, 53.4°, and 60.0°were observed. XPS results showed that Cu-C and Sn-C bonds occur at binding energies around 932 and 484 eV, respectively. The work function of the CuSn NF heat treated at 150°C was calculated from the UPS spectra, and the value was 4.19 eV.

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“…were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich and used without any alteration. Uncured pre‐preg carbon fibers composite peel plies were provided from a local store to fabricate pre‐preg carbon fiber composites in a vacuum oven …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Carbonized PAN Nanofibers Cohesively Attached to Surface of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

Alarifi¹,

Alharbi²,

Khan³

et al. 2016

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary Unidirecitonal pre‐preg carbon fibers of ten peel plies were laid up at 0‐, 45‐, −45‐, and 45‐degree stacking sequences on a flat and smooth aluminum (Al) plate, and then carbonized electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers were placed on top of the last ply prior to vacuum curing in a vacuum oven. The PAN electrospun fibers were oxidized at 280°C in an ambient condition for 1 hr and then carbonized at 850°C for 1 hr in an argon (Ar) gas atmosphere. The resultant composite panels were cut into small pieces and subjected to a number of different characterization techniques. Thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) measurements clearly showed that significant reinforcement was achieved for the pre‐preg/carbonized PAN fiber composites because of the enhanced interfacial bonding between the PAN nanofibers and the matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests exhibited a shift of the glass transition temperature of the carbonized PAN nanofiber/composite, which may be helpful for high‐temperature applications of the present composites. A Raman spectroscopy peak around 897 cm−1 indicated formation of the γ‐phase of the carbonized PAN fibers. The highest stretching peak of the CH2 group was recognized within the range of 2,500–2,800 cm−1 for the carbonized fibers. The vibration peak of the CN group also appeared at 1,452 cm−1 spectrum. TMA determined the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), indicating an improvement in stability of the composite material, which can be useful for structural health monitoring (SHM) as well as lightning strikes and electromagnetic interference shielding applications of new carbon fiber composites.

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PAN-based carbon nanofiber absorbents prepared using electrospinning

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Synthesis of electrospun polyacrylonitrile- derived carbon fibers and comparison of properties with bulk form

Synthesis of electrospun polyacrylonitrile- derived carbon fibers and comparison of properties with bulk form

Investigation of physicochemical properties of CuSn‐based PAN nanofibers prepared via electrospinning method

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Carbonized PAN Nanofibers Cohesively Attached to Surface of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

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