Panaeolus (Agaricales) From Western Paraná State, South Brazil, With a Description of a New Species, Panaeolus Sylvaticus

Abstract

Three species of Panaeolus were collected in the western region of Paraná State, South Brazil. Panaeolus sylvaticus is proposed as a new species, based on macro- and micromorphological features and substrate (rotten wood and litter). Panaeolus antillarum and P. papilionaceus var. parvisporus, two coprophilous and widely distributed species, are also reported. All species are illustrated and discussed in detail, regarding their taxonomy, ecology and distribution. A key to the known species of Panaeolus from Paraná State is presented.

Global species diversity and distribution of the psychedelic fungal genus Panaeolus

“…The increase is a result of the discovery of novel species from across the world and subspecies being brought to species rank, while other species were also transferred to other genera such as to Galeropsis [ 86 ]. Six novel species have been described in the last decade, including P. axfordii [ 7 ], P. cyanoannulatus [ 87 ], P. desertorum [ 86 ], P. lepus-stercus [ 87 ], P. lignicola [ 87 ] and P. sylvaticus [ 88 ] .…”

“… [ 73 , 123 , 130 , 131 , 174 , 179 , 234 , 235 ] – 68 Panaeolus sylvaticus Silva-Filho & Cortez 2019 Brazil Brazil. [ 88 , 139 ] – 69 Panaeolus texensis V.E. Tyler & A.H. Sm.…”

Molecular and morphological studies reveal a new species of Panaeolus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Punjab, Pakistan

“…Species of Panaeolus are mostly reported from Asia and Europe in tropical to sub-tropical and temperate habitats (Senn-Irlet et al 1999;Halama et al 2014;Kaur 2014;Wang & Tzean 2015;Desjardin & Perry 2017;Karunarathna et al 2017;Akata et al 2019). Some species of the genus have also been reported from North and South America and Africa in temperate habitats Silva-Filho et al 2019;Teke et al 2019).…”

“…During the past two decades, both morphological and phylogenetic analyses have been used in mycological research for the identification of new species of the genus Panaeolus (Drehmel et al 1999;Zhang et al 2004;Zhao et al 2011;Razaq et al 2012;Jayasiri et al 2015;Wang & Tzean 2015;Li et al 2016;Zhao et al 2016). But, only a few species of Panaeolus have been reported based on both morphological and phylogenetic analyses (Ma 2014;Ediriweera et al 2015;Wang & Tzean 2015; Undan 2016) and most Panaeolus species have been described based only on morphology (Gerhardt 1996;Amandeep et al 2014;Halama et al 2014;Silva-Filho et al 2019).…”

Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Parque Estadual São Camilo, an isolated Atlantic Forest remnant in western Paraná, Brazil

“…Nevertheless, the published studies aimed to report the biological diversity of PESC have been focused on a few taxa (i.e. fungus, plants, bats, bees and wasps) (Ferreira and Cortez 2012, Dias and Cortez 2013, Alves and Cortez 2014, da Silva Cruz and Cortez 2015, Cortez and Gonçalves 2015, Oliveira and Gonçalves 2017, Batista 2018, Silva-Filho et al 2019). In addition, anthropic pressures as hunting activities, animal traps and pesticides in the immediate surroundings, and irregular plant extraction represent a threat for the maintenance and preservation of the park's biodiversity that need to be urgently addressed (IAT 2022b).…”