Pancreatic Injury Patterns in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 19 Pneumonia

COVID‐19 and liver disease

“…COVID‐19 is typically characterized by symptoms of viral pneumonia such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, anosmia and headache, which may evolve to respiratory failure 3,4 . Because of the ubiquitous distribution of the main viral entry receptor, namely angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), SARS‐CoV‐2 causes a systemic disease, with possible involvement of the heart, the liver, the pancreas and the kidneys, as well as determines alterations in circulating lymphocytes and the immune system 4‐7 …”

First case of acute pancreatitis related to SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…Nausea has been described in 5 per cent of adults and transaminases are classically elevated during COVID‐19 3 . Wang et al 4 . reported elevated lipase or amylase in 17 per cent of a Chinese cohort without mentioning abdominal pain.…”

Patients with COVID-19 Interstitial Pneumonia Exhibit Pancreatic Hyperenzymemia and Not Acute Pancreatitis

“…The reason why (SARS-CoV-2)infected pneumonia may involve the gastrointestinal tract is probably due to the fact that the virus has been found more commonly in he saliva [15] but has also been found in the feces in 29% of patients [16]. However, more recently, it has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 infection may also cause acute pancreatic damage [17]. The Authors found, in a retrospective study, that 17% of patients experienced a pancreatic injury.…”

“…Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 have been well established [3]; COVID-19 also involves the liver [4]. Acute pancreatic involvement in patients with COVID-19 has recently been reported; acute pancreatitis was de ned on the basis of an elevation of serum pancreatic enzymes [5]. Con rmed cases of acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 patients have been anecdotally reported in two of three family members with the remaining one having only hyperamylasemia [6].…”