Pancreatitis Induced by Cocaine

Chapela, Sebastián Pablo; Paz, Silvina; Ballestero, Florencia

doi:10.1159/000468511

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It results in increased norepinephrine presence in the synaptic cleft, leading to postsynaptic stimulation. In the gastrointestinal tract, it also causes direct vasoconstriction and thrombosis of mesenteric vessels, which is mediated by the calcium flux across the endothelial cell membrane [ 11 ]. It is postulated that the pathophysiological changes causing cocaine-induced pancreatitis involve mechanisms such as vasoconstriction and thrombotic microangiopathy [ 7 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the gastrointestinal tract, it also causes direct vasoconstriction and thrombosis of mesenteric vessels, which is mediated by the calcium flux across the endothelial cell membrane [ 11 ]. It is postulated that the pathophysiological changes causing cocaine-induced pancreatitis involve mechanisms such as vasoconstriction and thrombotic microangiopathy [ 7 , 11 ]. Furthermore, levamisole is a common contaminant of cocaine that can cause vasculitis and agranulocytosis due to its immunomodulatory properties [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permanent cessation of cocaine is imperative in terms of treatment. Conservative management, using adequate pain control, goal-directed intravenous fluid resuscitation, and correction of electrolyte and metabolic problems, is instrumental in the recovery of most patients in 3–7 days [ 8 , 11 , 12 ]. In addition to acute pancreatitis, patients may also rarely develop concurrent gastric ulceration and bleeding, requiring prompt hemostasis [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute pancreatitis secondary to cocaine use: a case-based systematic literature review

Goraya

Malik

Inayat

et al. 2021

Clin J Gastroenterol

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Cocaine use continues to be an important global public health problem. As the use of cocaine remains pervasive so have a myriad of adverse events associated with this drug. These deleterious effects are well-studied, but gastrointestinal complications remain esoteric and the existing clinical evidence is scarce. Ischemia of the esophagus and small bowel, perforation, peptic ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding, and ischemic colitis are among the reported complications. In specific, acute pancreatitis secondary to cocaine use is an exceedingly rare clinicopathologic entity. To date, only 7 cases of this condition have been reported in the English-language literature. We hereby delineate a rare case of a 29-year-old female who developed her first episode of cocaine-associated pancreatitis. The diagnosis was made based on a standard battery of investigations and meticulous exclusion of common etiologies of acute pancreatitis. To our knowledge, this case represents the first report of re-occurrence of acute pancreatitis upon subsequent crack cocaine insufflation, adding a higher level of evidence to a fallible association. We also present a systematic review of the existing literature on acute pancreatitis following cocaine use. An updated knowledge regarding this rare association is of paramount importance for early diagnosis and astute management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute pancreatitis secondary to cocaine use: a case-based systematic literature review

Goraya

Malik

Inayat

et al. 2021

Clin J Gastroenterol

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“…In the GI tract, it causes vasoconstriction and thrombosis of mesenteric vessels. 6 The pathophysiology of cocaine-induced pancreatitis is postulated to be related to vasoconstriction and thrombotic microangiopathy. 5 , 6 Our patient was using crack-cocaine, which does not undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis

et al. 2020

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Cocaine use is prevalent worldwide and affects multiple organ systems. Ischemia of the esophagus and small bowel are examples of its gastrointestinal complications. Cocaine-induced pancreatitis is a rare entity. Only 8 cases of cocaine-induced pancreatitis have been described in the literature. We present a rare case of a 61-year-old man cocaine user who presented with his first episode of acute pancreatitis (AP) in which common etiologies of AP were excluded. In addition, we explore the pathophysiology of cocaine-induced AP.

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“…Its annual incidence rate has increased globally, ranging from 13 to 45 cases per 100,000 persons on average [ 1 ]. There are many causes of AP but gallstone and binge alcohol consumption are considered to be the most common etiologies of AP [ 2 , 3 ]. Drug-induced pancreatitis is among the less common causes [ 4 , 5 ], and in this subgroup, cocaine-induced pancreatitis is uncommon [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: A Rare Etiology

Umar¹,

Noor²,

Ali³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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An 18-year-old male with a medical history of trigeminal neuralgia presented to the emergency department with complaints of severe abdominal pain associated with nausea, projectile vomiting, and watery diarrhea with no fever, rigors, and chills. The abdominal examination was unremarkable. His lab results showed elevated serum lipase and amylase. Gallstones were ruled out by abdominal ultrasonography. His computed tomography (CT) revealed pancreatic enlargement with ill-defined borders. He reported cocaine use but had no history of alcohol abuse. A urine drug screen was positive for cocaine. He was managed conservatively with a possible diagnosis of acute pancreatitis due to cocaine abuse after carefully ruling out other causes. The patient was symptom-free on day 7 and discharged from hospital on day 8 with follow-up with his gastroenterology doctor and drug counseling service. Although cocaine-induced pancreatitis is rare, it should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients with a history of cocaine use.

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Pancreatitis Induced by Cocaine

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Acute pancreatitis secondary to cocaine use: a case-based systematic literature review

Acute pancreatitis secondary to cocaine use: a case-based systematic literature review

Cocaine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis

Cocaine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: A Rare Etiology

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