Pandanus amaryllifolius Exhibits In Vitro Anti-Amyloidogenic Activity and Promotes Neuroprotective Effects in Amyloid-β-Induced SH-SY5Y Cells

Abstract

Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques leading to oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and cell death is one of the most accepted pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pandanus amaryllifolius, commonly recognized as fragrant screw pine due to its characteristic smell, is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and is consumed as a food flavor. In search for potential anti-AD agents from terrestrial sources, P. amaryllifolius was explored for its in vitro anti-amyloidogenic and neuroprotective effects. Thioflavin T (ThT) assay and the high-throughput screening multimer detection system (MDS-HTS) assay were used to evaluate the extracts’ potential to inhibit Aβ aggregations and oligomerizations, respectively. The crude alcoholic extract (CAE, 50 μg/mL) and crude base extract (CBE, 50 μg/mL) obstructed the Aβ aggregation. Interestingly, results revealed that only CBE inhibited the Aβ nucleation at 100 μg/mL. Both CAE and CBE also restored the cell viability, reduced the level of reactive oxygen species, and reversed the mitochondrial dysfunctions at 10 and 20 μg/mL extract concentrations in Aβ-insulted SY-SY5Y cells. In addition, the unprecedented isolation of nicotinamide from P. amaryllifolius CBE is a remarkable discovery as one of its potential bioactive constituents against AD. Hence, our results provided new insights into the promising potential of P. amaryllifolius extracts against AD and further exploration of other prospective bioactive constituents.

Traditional Healing Practices and Folk Medicines in Thailand: A Case Study of Huai Yot District, Trang Province

“…[35][36] Neuroprotective effects as well as anti-cancer properties of this plant have been reported. [37][38] According to a recent review, 36 this plant has been used as a diuretic, cardio-tonic, anti-cancer agent, and anxiety reliever. The leaves of Pandanus amaryllifolius contain various bioactive compounds such as catechin, naringin, kaempferol, rutin, epicatechin, myricetin, luteolin, quercetin, and phenolic acids.…”

Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Challenges, Future Directions and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Neuroprotection

“…Pandanus amaryllifolius has wide distribution in Southeast Asia and is exploited for its health-benefit effects, including vitamins, antioxidants, and anti-diabetic and anticancer properties. Notably, crude-alcoholic extract and crude-base extract of Pandanus amaryllifolius in doses of 50 μg/mL led to obstructed Aβ oligomerization and deposition, increased cell survival, suppression of ROS generation, and restored mitochondrial functions at different doses in SY-SY5Y cells [ 98 ].…”

Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Exerts Potential Anti-Glycation and Anti-AChE Activity: A Multitargeting Neuroprotective Agent against Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…A previously reported method was followed with slight modification [19]. The assay was performed using 5 µM Aβ1-42 (Aggresure™ AnaSpec) in PBS (100 mM, pH 7.4) and was incubated with or without extract for 24 h at 37 • C. Next, 100 µM ThT was added, and the plate was incubated for 15 min more at 37 • C; after which the fluorescence (Ex 450 nm; Ems 490 nm) was measured (Synergy-H1 BioTek, Agilent, USA).…”

“…The neuroprotective effect of extracts on H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y was performed as previously described [19]. The cells (1 × 10 4 cells/well) were seeded in a 96-well plate and incubated for 18-24 h. After stabilization, the cells were pre-treated with the extracts for 24 h. The extracts were then removed and treated with H 2 O 2 (100 µM) for 6 h. A solvent control, H 2 O 2 alone, and extract alone treatments were also included.…”

“…The ROS was measured using 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) as previously described [19]. The cells (1 × 10 4 cells/well) were seeded in a 96-well plate and incubated for 18-24 h, after which they were pre-treated with the extract for 12 h. The extracts were then removed, followed by a 4 h treatment with H 2 O 2 (100 µM).…”