Pantothenic Acid in Health and Disease

Tahiliani, Arun G.; Beinlich, Cathy J.

doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60684-6

Cited by 179 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…4). As mentioned above, the PANK genes are known to be central players in regulating intracellular CoA [71][72][73][74][75]. Here we see that miR-103/7 also acts to increase intracellular Acetyl CoA stores, and perhaps channel Acetyl CoA into the TCA cycle.…”

Section: Bioinformatics Predict a Role For Mir-103/mir-107 Paralogs Isupporting

confidence: 64%

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Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Wilfred

Wang

Nelson

2007

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

300

239

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Although first discovered in worm larvae, miRNAs play fundamental biological roles-including in humans-well beyond development. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of metabolism (including lipid metabolism) for all animal species studied. A review of the fascinating and fast-growing literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism can be parsed into three main categories: 1. Adipocyte biochemistry and cell fate determination; 2. Regulation of metabolic biochemistry in invertebrates; and 3. Regulation of metabolic biochemistry in mammals. Most research into the 'function' of a given miRNA in metabolic pathways has concentrated on a given miRNA acting upon a particular 'target' mRNA. Whereas in some biological contexts the effects of a given miRNA:mRNA pair may predominate, this might not be the case generally. In order to provide an example of how a single miRNA could regulate multiple 'target' mRNAs or even entire human metabolic pathways, we include a discussion of metabolic pathways that are predicted to be regulated by the miRNA paralogs, miR-103 and miR-107. These miRNAs, which exist in vertebrate genomes within introns of the pantothenate kinase (PANK) genes, are predicted by bioinformatics to affect multiple mRNA targets in pathways that involve cellular Acetyl-CoA and lipid levels. Significantly, PANK enzymes also affect these pathways, so the miRNA and 'host' gene may act synergistically. These predictions require experimental verification. In conclusion, a review of the literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism leads us believe that the future will provide researchers with many additional energizing revelations.

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Section: Bioinformatics Predict a Role For Mir-103/mir-107 Paralogs Isupporting

confidence: 64%

“…PANK enzymes serve a universal catalytic function, namely, the phosphorylation of pantothenate (Vitamin B5) [71]. This is the rate-limiting step in generating Co-enzyme A (CoA) and PANKs are central enzymes in the regulation of cellular CoA levels [71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Bioinformatics Predict a Role For Mir-103/mir-107 Paralogs Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Wilfred

Wang

Nelson

2007

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

300

239

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The basic arrangement of these miRNAs in PANK genes remains constant through 500 million years of vertebrate evolution (Wilfred et al, 2007). PANK enzymes serve a universal catalytic function, namely, the phosphorylation of pantothenate (vitamin B5) (Tahiliani and Beinlich, 1991). This is the rate-limiting step in generating coenzyme A (CoA), and PANKs are central enzymes in the regulation of cellular CoA levels (Leonardi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Non-demented-case1mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression of MicroRNA miR-107 Decreases Early in Alzheimer's Disease and May Accelerate Disease Progression through Regulation of β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein-Cleaving Enzyme 1

Wang¹,

Rajeev²,

Stromberg³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

753

605

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that participate in posttranscriptional gene regulation in a sequence-specific manner. However, little is understood about the role(s) of miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used miRNA expression microarrays on RNA extracted from human brain tissue from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Center Brain Bank with near-optimal clinicopathological correlation. Cases were separated into four groups: elderly nondemented with negligible AD-type pathology, nondemented with incipient AD pathology, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with moderate AD pathology, and AD. Among the AD-related miRNA expression changes, miR-107 was exceptional because miR-107 levels decreased significantly even in patients with the earliest stages of pathology. In situ hybridization with cross-comparison to neuropathology demonstrated that particular cerebral cortical laminas involved by AD pathology exhibit diminished neuronal miR-107 expression. Computational analysis predicted that the 3Ј-untranslated region (UTR) of ␤-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) mRNA is targeted multiply by miR-107. From the same RNA material analyzed on miRNA microarrays, mRNA expression profiling was performed using Affymetrix Exon Array microarrays on nondemented, MCI, and AD patients. BACE1 mRNA levels tended to increase as miR-107 levels decreased in the progression of AD. Cell culture reporter assays performed with a subset of the predicted miR-107 binding sites indicate the presence of at least one physiological miR-107 miRNA recognition sequence in the 3Ј-UTR of BACE1 mRNA. Together, the coordinated application of miRNA profiling, Affymetrix microarrays, new bioinformatics predictions, in situ hybridization, and biochemical validation indicate that miR-107 may be involved in accelerated disease progression through regulation of BACE1.

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“…It is an integral part of the acylation car riers, CoA and acyl carrier proteins, which are involved in more than 100 different metabolic pathways includ ing energy metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, and the synthesis of lipids, neurotransmitters, and steroid hormones (1,2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Excess Pantothenic Acid Administration on the Other Water-Soluble Vitamin Metabolisms in Rats

Shibata

Takahashi

Fukuwatari

et al. 2005

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryTo acquire the data concerning the tolerable upper intake level which prevents health problems from an excessive intake of pantothenic acid, an animal experiment was done. Rats of the Wistar strain (male, 3wk old) were fed on a diet which contains 0%, 0.0016% (control group), 1%, or 3% calcium pantothenate for 29d. The amount of weight increase, the food intake, and the organ weights were measured, as well as the pantothenic acid contents in urine, the liver and blood. Moreover, to learn the influence of excessive pan tothenic acid on other water-soluble vitamin metabolism, thiamin, riboflavin, a vitamin B6 catabolite, the niacin catabolites, and ascorbic acid in urine were measured. As for the 3% addition group, enlargement of the testis, diarrhea, and hair damage were observed, and the amount of weight increase and the food intake were less than those of the control group. However, abnormality was not seen in the 1% addition group. The amount of pantothenic acid in urine, the liver, and blood showed a high correlation with intake level of pantothenic acid. It was only for 4-pyridoxic acid, a vitamin B6 catabolite, in urine that a remarkable dif ference was observed against the control group. Moreover, the (2-Py+4-Py)/MNA excretion ratio for these metabolites of the nicotinamide also indicated a low value in the 3% pan tothenic acid group. As for the calcium pantothenate, it was found that the 3% level in the diet was the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) and the 1% level was the no observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL).

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Pantothenic Acid in Health and Disease

Cited by 179 publications

References 204 publications

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

The Expression of MicroRNA miR-107 Decreases Early in Alzheimer's Disease and May Accelerate Disease Progression through Regulation of β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein-Cleaving Enzyme 1

Effects of Excess Pantothenic Acid Administration on the Other Water-Soluble Vitamin Metabolisms in Rats

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