“…Evidence of Neanderthal presence and activity in the Western Pyrenees and Cantabrian region is well documented since several sites have materials that are dated to the end of the Middle Pleistocene up to Marine Isotopic Stage 4 (MIS4) and MIS3 (71-29 ky). These sites are: Lezetxiki ( Álvarez-Alonso & Arrizabalaga, 2012;Balde on, 1993), Arlanpe (Rios-Garaizar et al, 2015), Axlor (González-Urquijo et al, 2005;Jones et al, 2018;Rios-Garaizar, 2005, 2017, Aranbaltza (Rios-Garaizar et al, 2018), Amalda I (Altuna et al, 1990;Rios-Garaizar, 2010;Sánchez-Romero et al, 2020), Urkulu (Iriarte-Chiapuso, 2013), Zerratu (Sáenz de Buruaga, 2005). However, Neanderthal fossil remains are scarce in this region and come from a few sites in the Basque Country.…”