Parallel evolution in radiation ofOhomopterus ground beetles inferred from mitochondrial ND5 gene sequences

Abstract

Molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) gene sequences representing all 15 species and the majority of subspecies or races of the Ohomopterus ground beetles from all over the Japanese archipelago have uncovered a remarkable evolutionary history. Clustering of the species in the molecular phylogenetic tree is linked to their geographic distribution and does not correlate with morphological characters. Taxonomically the "same" species or the members belonging to the same species-group fall out in more than two different places on the ND5 tree. Evidence has been presented against a possible participation of ancestral polymorphism and random lineage sorting or of hybrid individuals for the observed distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. The most plausible explanation of our results is that parallel evolution took place in different lineages. Most notably, O. dehaanii, O. yaconinus, and O. japonicus in a lineage reveal almost identical morphology with those of the "same" species (or subspecies) but belonging to the phylogenetically remote lineages.

Molecular Evidence for Parallel Evolution of Adaptive Syndromes in Fig-BreedingLissocephala(Drosophilidae)

“…Concerning male terminalia our data contrast, however, with those on Ohomopterus ground beetles inferred from mitochondrial ND5 gene sequence comparisons which suggest parallel evolution of copulatory piece morphology together with some other morphological characters (Su et al, 1996). Table 1 for the definitions of S, M, and L and Fig.…”

Origin and diversification of hindwingless Damaster ground beetles within the Japanese islands as deduced from mitochondrial ND5 gene sequences (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

“…Here, chronology by mitochondrial DNA and that by geology agree well. The diversification of Ohomopterus, the other endemic carabid group, started a little later (D/lineage ഠ 0.0197, corresponding to 15.7 Myr) than that of Damaster (Su et al 1996c). Discovery of the 9-Myr-old fossil of Ohomopterus (Hiura 1971) is not inconsistent with the mitochondrial DNA dating.…”

Interspecific body size differentiation in species assemblages of the carabid subgenus Ohomopterus in Japan

“…Of a few molecular phylogenetic hypotheses of Ohomopterus, the mitochondrial gene-based phylogeny (Su et al 1996) is totally incongruent with the morphological species boundaries and the proposed sister relationships among species groups. However, the mitochondrial gene tree is likely to be affected extensively by introgressive hybridization as well as by the lineage sorting of ancestral polymorphisms and hence is not a proper hypothesis of the species tree (Sota and Vogler, in press).…”

“…Recent studies on natural hybridization Sota and Kubota 1998;Sota et al 2000a) and molecular phylogenetics (Su et al 1996;Sota and Vogler, in press) suggest that the evolutionary pattern of Ohomopterus could be more complex than the repetition of allopatric divergence as was previously thought (Ishikawa 1989(Ishikawa , 1991. In the present time, some species pairs possess hybrid zones, and comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeny indicates frequent introgressive hybridization between morphologically dissimilar taxa.…”